Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Division No. 14, Census division (CDR)More information: Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	35,428	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	36,096	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.9	...	...	- 1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	18,070	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,968	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	33,676.06	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	35,430	17,750	17,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,670	3,455	3,210	18.8	19.5	18.2
0 to 4 years	2,130	1,125	1,005	6.0	6.3	5.7
5 to 9 years	2,230	1,155	1,080	6.3	6.5	6.1
10 to 14 years	2,310	1,185	1,125	6.5	6.7	6.4
15 to 64 years	20,060	10,120	9,945	56.6	57.0	56.3
15 to 19 years	2,040	1,105	940	5.8	6.2	5.3
20 to 24 years	1,625	825	805	4.6	4.6	4.6
25 to 29 years	1,665	850	815	4.7	4.8	4.6
30 to 34 years	1,865	910	955	5.3	5.1	5.4
35 to 39 years	1,890	945	945	5.3	5.3	5.3
40 to 44 years	1,925	965	955	5.4	5.4	5.4
45 to 49 years	1,915	945	965	5.4	5.3	5.5
50 to 54 years	2,040	995	1,045	5.8	5.6	5.9
55 to 59 years	2,480	1,265	1,215	7.0	7.1	6.9
60 to 64 years	2,615	1,310	1,300	7.4	7.4	7.4
65 years and over	8,695	4,170	4,525	24.5	23.5	25.6
65 to 69 years	2,590	1,315	1,275	7.3	7.4	7.2
70 to 74 years	2,125	1,060	1,065	6.0	6.0	6.0
75 to 79 years	1,565	780	790	4.4	4.4	4.5
80 to 84 years	1,135	535	595	3.2	3.0	3.4
85 years and over	1,285	480	805	3.6	2.7	4.6
85 to 89 years	710	295	415	2.0	1.7	2.3
90 to 94 years	440	145	295	1.2	0.8	1.7
95 to 99 years	115	35	80	0.3	0.2	0.5
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.8	19.5	18.2	18.8	19.5	18.2
15 to 64 years	56.6	57.0	56.3	56.6	57.0	56.3
65 years and over	24.5	23.5	25.6	24.5	23.5	25.6
85 years and over	3.6	2.7	4.6	3.6	2.7	4.6
Average age of the population	43.6	42.7	44.5	43.6	42.7	44.5
Median age of the population	45.2	44.0	46.0	45.2	44.0	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	12,455	...	...	83.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	425	...	...	2.8	...	...
Row house	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,165	...	...	7.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	145	...	...	1.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	555	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,765	...	...	31.8	...	...
2 persons	5,880	...	...	39.3	...	...
3 persons	1,555	...	...	10.4	...	...
4 persons	1,480	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,290	...	...	8.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,760	14,290	14,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,685	8,855	8,835	61.5	62.0	61.1
Married	15,190	7,605	7,580	52.8	53.2	52.4
Living common-law	2,495	1,245	1,250	8.7	8.7	8.6
Living common law - Never married	1,740	880	860	6.1	6.2	5.9
Living common law - Separated	120	50	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	530	270	265	1.8	1.9	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	11,075	5,440	5,635	38.5	38.1	39.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,510	3,795	2,710	22.6	26.6	18.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	660	310	355	2.3	2.2	2.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,500	770	730	5.2	5.4	5.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,410	565	1,840	8.4	4.0	12.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,965	...	...	59.4	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	15.5	...	...
4 persons	1,465	...	...	14.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,070	...	...	10.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,640	...	...	85.9	...	...
Married couples	7,395	...	...	73.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,930	...	...	29.1	...	...
Without children	4,460	...	...	44.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,250	...	...	12.4	...	...
With children⁶	540	...	...	5.4	...	...
Without children	710	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,410	...	...	14.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,050	...	...	10.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	360	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	28,460	14,285	14,175	82.1	81.9	82.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,285	8,640	8,645	49.8	49.5	50.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,410	360	1,045	4.1	2.1	6.1
Children⁶	9,765	5,280	4,480	28.2	30.3	26.0
In a two-parent family	7,335	3,940	3,395	21.2	22.6	19.7
In a one-parent family	2,430	1,340	1,085	7.0	7.7	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,220	3,155	3,065	17.9	18.1	17.8
Living alone	4,760	2,360	2,405	13.7	13.5	14.0
Living with other relatives⁷	675	340	340	1.9	1.9	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	785	460	325	2.3	2.6	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,965	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,220	...	...	61.6	...	...
Couple-family households	8,200	...	...	54.8	...	...
With children⁶	3,205	...	...	21.4	...	...
Without children	4,995	...	...	33.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,020	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	250	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	300	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	385	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	4,760	...	...	31.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,080	13,465	13,615	96.6	96.2	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,000	33,600	38,000	44,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,095	13,475	13,625	96.6	96.3	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,600	31,200	35,200	39,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,955	12,140	11,815	85.4	86.7	84.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	38,400	24,800	30,600	38,400	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,215	10,200	9,015	68.5	72.9	64.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,000	25,200	30,000	36,000	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,390	11,995	12,395	87.0	85.7	88.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,300	12,000	10,800	9,300	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,775	1,530	1,245	9.9	10.9	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	7,350	5,880	6,500	7,350	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,120	2,345	2,775	18.3	16.8	19.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,500	7,500	7,500	7,500	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,105	13,420	13,685	96.7	95.9	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,480	52,400	40,680	46,480	52,400	40,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,110	13,425	13,685	96.7	95.9	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,040	44,040	36,160	40,040	44,040	36,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,975	12,070	11,910	85.5	86.2	84.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,760	47,960	33,440	40,760	47,960	33,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,215	10,045	9,170	68.5	71.8	65.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,360	45,200	32,960	39,360	45,200	32,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,415	11,890	12,525	87.1	85.0	89.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,590	10,480	12,640	11,590	10,480	12,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,640	1,385	1,255	9.4	9.9	8.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,650	9,010	8,240	8,650	9,010	8,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,050	2,245	2,800	18.0	16.0	19.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,350	8,200	8,470	8,350	8,200	8,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,895	5,125	3,770	31.7	36.6	26.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	58,000	48,800	53,200	58,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,550	62,450	53,250	58,550	62,450	53,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,335	3,475	3,860	26.2	24.8	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,400	20,200	15,700	17,400	20,200	15,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,640	31,960	21,860	26,640	31,960	21,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	82.2	71.6	77.6	82.2	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	64.6	54.3	60.0	64.6	54.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.4	17.7	28.5	22.4	17.7	28.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	3.2	5.7	4.3	3.2	5.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.3	2.6	4.3	3.3	2.6	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	960	535	425	3.4	3.8	3.0
With total income	27,080	13,460	13,620	96.6	96.2	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,405	1,165	1,240	8.9	8.7	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,575	1,465	2,105	13.2	10.9	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	4,795	2,050	2,745	17.7	15.2	20.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,370	1,440	1,930	12.4	10.7	14.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,190	1,510	1,680	11.8	11.2	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,535	1,280	1,250	9.4	9.5	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,880	1,040	835	6.9	7.7	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,390	860	525	5.1	6.4	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,060	675	385	3.9	5.0	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	875	510	360	3.2	3.8	2.6
$100,000 and over	2,010	1,460	550	7.4	10.8	4.0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,475	1,045	430	5.4	7.8	3.2
$150,000 and over	535	415	125	2.0	3.1	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	940	525	420	3.4	3.8	3.0
With after-tax income	27,095	13,470	13,625	96.6	96.2	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,490	1,205	1,290	9.2	8.9	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	3,695	1,510	2,185	13.6	11.2	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	5,285	2,265	3,020	19.5	16.8	22.2
$30,000 to $39,999	4,110	1,850	2,260	15.2	13.7	16.6
$40,000 to $49,999	3,690	1,860	1,835	13.6	13.8	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,560	1,425	1,130	9.4	10.6	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,840	1,115	720	6.8	8.3	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,345	810	535	5.0	6.0	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	715	445	270	2.6	3.3	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	440	295	140	1.6	2.2	1.0
$100,000 and over	920	685	235	3.4	5.1	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	525	390	135	1.9	2.9	1.0
$125,000 and over	395	295	100	1.5	2.2	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	8,830	3,795	5,030	31.5	27.1	35.8
With employment income	19,215	10,200	9,010	68.5	72.9	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,420	1,685	1,735	17.8	16.5	19.3
$5,000 to $9,999	1,580	730	850	8.2	7.2	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,570	1,240	1,335	13.4	12.2	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,040	945	1,095	10.6	9.3	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,780	825	955	9.3	8.1	10.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,700	840	855	8.8	8.2	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425	775	645	7.4	7.6	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,105	665	440	5.8	6.5	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	825	555	275	4.3	5.4	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	810	495	315	4.2	4.9	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	590	375	220	3.1	3.7	2.4
$100,000 and over	1,365	1,060	300	7.1	10.4	3.3
$100,000 to $124,999	720	525	190	3.7	5.1	2.1
$125,000 and over	645	530	110	3.4	5.2	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,585	13,210	13,375	94.8	94.4	95.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	43,200	30,600	36,000	43,200	30,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,595	13,210	13,385	94.8	94.4	95.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,800	33,200	38,800	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,625	11,950	11,675	84.3	85.4	83.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	39,200	25,200	31,600	39,200	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,040	10,145	8,895	67.9	72.5	63.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,200	26,600	31,200	37,200	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,385	11,615	11,775	83.4	83.0	83.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,450	4,080	9,000	7,450	4,080	9,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,645	1,430	1,215	9.4	10.2	8.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	8,700	6,750	7,750	8,700	6,750
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,560	13,165	13,400	94.7	94.1	95.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,200	50,440	38,040	44,200	50,440	38,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,560	13,165	13,400	94.7	94.1	95.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,920	42,240	33,680	37,920	42,240	33,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,580	11,860	11,720	84.1	84.7	83.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,520	47,920	33,080	40,520	47,920	33,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,935	10,005	8,930	67.5	71.5	63.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,560	45,160	33,240	39,560	45,160	33,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,405	11,575	11,830	83.5	82.7	84.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,300	8,240	10,340	9,300	8,240	10,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,530	1,300	1,225	9.0	9.3	8.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,390	9,810	8,940	9,390	9,810	8,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,815	5,115	3,700	31.4	36.5	26.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	56,400	45,600	50,000	56,400	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,250	59,250	49,720	55,250	59,250	49,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,840	3,270	3,570	24.4	23.4	25.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	22,600	19,800	20,400	22,600	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,240	35,560	25,380	30,240	35,560	25,380
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.4	85.6	76.0	81.4	85.6	76.0
Employment income (%)	63.8	68.0	58.2	63.8	68.0	58.2
Government transfers (%)	18.6	14.4	24.0	18.6	14.4	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,965	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,760	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,000	...	...	45,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,000	...	...	39,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,025	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	720	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	610	...	...	4.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	755	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	700	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	4.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,210	...	...	8.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	...	...	7.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,010	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	905	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	860	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,655	...	...	31.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,580	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,150	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,200	...	...	8.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	730	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	375	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,065	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	815	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	690	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	855	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	795	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	750	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,275	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,170	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,010	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	840	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,540	...	...	23.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,625	...	...	10.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	915	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,000	...	...	6.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,000	...	...	117,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	52,800	...	...	52,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,545	2,815	2,725	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	37,200	31,400	34,000	37,200	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	34,000	30,000	31,600	34,000	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,200	...	...	102,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,900	...	...	87,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,500	...	...	81,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,800	...	...	127,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,600	...	...	108,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,300	...	...	60,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,900	...	...	55,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,555	2,820	2,735	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,760	46,520	40,880	43,760	46,520	40,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,960	39,640	36,240	37,960	39,640	36,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	34,680	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,890	4,130	3,760	22.8	23.7	21.8
0 to 5 years	2,530	1,325	1,205	7.3	7.6	7.0
18 to 64 years	18,595	9,315	9,285	53.6	53.4	53.8
65 years and over	8,190	3,990	4,195	23.6	22.9	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,370	3,090	3,280	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,825	955	865	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	680	365	310	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,760	1,385	1,375	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,785	745	1,035	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	17.7	19.0	18.4	17.7	19.0
0 to 17 years (%)	23.1	23.2	23.0	23.1	23.2	23.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.9	27.7	26.0	26.9	27.7	26.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.9	14.9	14.8	14.9	14.9	14.8
65 years and over (%)	21.7	18.7	24.6	21.7	18.7	24.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	31,975	16,075	15,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,590	3,440	3,150	20.6	21.4	19.8
0 to 5 years	2,055	1,070	985	6.4	6.7	6.2
18 to 64 years	17,270	8,685	8,590	54.0	54.0	54.0
65 years and over	8,115	3,950	4,165	25.4	24.6	26.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	915	515	395	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	195	110	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	45	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	615	355	265	...	...	...
65 years and over	100	55	50	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.2	2.5	2.9	3.2	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.0	3.3	2.7	3.0	3.3	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.2	3.2	3.6	4.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	4.1	3.1	3.6	4.1	3.1
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	34,680	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	21,070	10,360	10,715	60.8	59.4	62.1
In bottom decile	5,300	2,645	2,655	15.3	15.2	15.4
In second decile	4,660	2,185	2,470	13.4	12.5	14.3
In third decile	3,960	1,945	2,010	11.4	11.2	11.7
In fourth decile	3,615	1,830	1,785	10.4	10.5	10.4
In fifth decile	3,540	1,750	1,785	10.2	10.0	10.4
In top half of the distribution	13,610	7,080	6,525	39.2	40.6	37.8
In sixth decile	3,090	1,580	1,515	8.9	9.1	8.8
In seventh decile	3,120	1,585	1,530	9.0	9.1	8.9
In eighth decile	2,925	1,565	1,355	8.4	9.0	7.9
In ninth decile	2,620	1,380	1,240	7.6	7.9	7.2
In top decile	1,855	975	885	5.3	5.6	5.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	34,685	...	...	34,685	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.329	...	...	0.329	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.470	...	...	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.293	...	...	0.293	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	34,900	17,540	17,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	34,015	17,095	16,925	97.5	97.5	97.5
French only	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	795	385	410	2.3	2.2	2.4
Neither English nor French	85	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	34,900	17,540	17,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	34,460	17,290	17,170	98.7	98.6	98.9
French	360	195	165	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	80	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	34,900	17,540	17,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,135	17,150	16,980	97.8	97.8	97.8
Official languages	30,580	15,340	15,240	87.6	87.5	87.8
English	30,160	15,115	15,045	86.4	86.2	86.7
French	415	225	195	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-official languages	3,555	1,810	1,740	10.2	10.3	10.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,540	770	765	4.4	4.4	4.4
Algonquian languages	1,530	770	760	4.4	4.4	4.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	1,375	695	680	3.9	4.0	3.9
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	1,375	695	680	3.9	4.0	3.9
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	120	65	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	230	120	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,015	510	510	2.9	2.9	2.9
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	155	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	150	75	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,015	1,040	975	5.8	5.9	5.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	575	275	300	1.6	1.6	1.7
Bikol	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	495	245	255	1.4	1.4	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,275	680	590	3.7	3.9	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	505	270	235	1.4	1.5	1.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	500	265	235	1.4	1.5	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	85	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	360	190	170	1.0	1.1	1.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	570	290	280	1.6	1.7	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	335	165	170	1.0	0.9	1.0
German	330	165	165	0.9	0.9	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	205	110	95	0.6	0.6	0.5
Afrikaans	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Swedish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindi	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	70	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	60	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	65	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	770	390	375	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	85	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	645	330	320	1.8	1.9	1.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	34,900	17,540	17,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	31,220	15,625	15,595	89.5	89.1	89.8
French	85	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	395	220	175	1.1	1.3	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	140	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-Indigenous	255	145	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	120	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	3,045	1,575	1,465	8.7	9.0	8.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	34,900	17,540	17,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,000	17,095	16,900	97.4	97.5	97.4
Official languages	32,585	16,340	16,250	93.4	93.2	93.6
English	32,485	16,290	16,200	93.1	92.9	93.3
French	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	1,415	760	655	4.1	4.3	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	550	285	265	1.6	1.6	1.5
Algonquian languages	545	280	260	1.6	1.6	1.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	515	270	250	1.5	1.5	1.4
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	515	270	250	1.5	1.5	1.4
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	405	205	200	1.2	1.2	1.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	865	475	390	2.5	2.7	2.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	360	190	175	1.0	1.1	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	175	165	1.0	1.0	1.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	425	245	180	1.2	1.4	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	80	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	145	80	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	70	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hindi	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	905	450	455	2.6	2.6	2.6
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	890	440	450	2.6	2.5	2.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	34,905	17,545	17,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	32,555	16,315	16,240	93.3	93.0	93.6
English	915	490	425	2.6	2.8	2.4
French	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	1,200	625	570	3.4	3.6	3.3
Indigenous³⁹	640	340	305	1.8	1.9	1.8
Non-Indigenous	555	290	270	1.6	1.7	1.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	34,680	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	34,620	17,390	17,230	99.8	99.7	99.9
English	34,600	17,375	17,225	99.8	99.6	99.9
French	825	410	415	2.4	2.4	2.4
Non-official languages	4,835	2,445	2,390	13.9	14.0	13.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,290	1,120	1,170	6.6	6.4	6.8
Algonquian languages	2,280	1,115	1,165	6.6	6.4	6.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	2,070	1,010	1,060	6.0	5.8	6.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	2,070	1,010	1,060	6.0	5.8	6.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	245	135	110	0.7	0.8	0.6
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	480	235	250	1.4	1.3	1.4
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.	1,400	675	725	4.0	3.9	4.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	205	105	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Ojibway, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,545	1,325	1,220	7.3	7.6	7.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	720	355	365	2.1	2.0	2.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cebuano	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	690	335	355	2.0	1.9	2.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,650	875	775	4.8	5.0	4.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	620	330	295	1.8	1.9	1.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	615	330	285	1.8	1.9	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	170	105	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	465	250	215	1.3	1.4	1.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	725	380	350	2.1	2.2	2.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	370	190	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
German	370	190	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	305	165	145	0.9	0.9	0.8
Afrikaans	135	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dutch	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	105	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	75	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	115	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	100	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	165	90	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	6,385	3,215	3,175	18.4	18.4	18.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	6,345	3,190	3,150	18.3	18.3	18.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,250	2,095	2,155	12.3	12.0	12.5
Métis	2,070	1,090	975	6.0	6.3	5.7
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,295	14,230	14,065	81.6	81.6	81.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	4,095	2,015	2,085	11.8	11.6	12.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,585	15,430	15,160	88.2	88.5	87.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,445	...	...	76.5	...	...
Renter	3,005	...	...	20.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	525	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	575	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not condominium	14,390	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,375	...	...	9.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,315	...	...	22.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,955	...	...	33.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,285	...	...	35.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,860	...	...	19.1	...	...
5 rooms	2,360	...	...	15.8	...	...
6 rooms	2,325	...	...	15.5	...	...
7 rooms	2,075	...	...	13.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,350	...	...	35.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,645	...	...	97.8	...	...
More than one person per room	325	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	14,370	...	...	96.0	...	...
Not suitable	590	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,630	...	...	24.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,940	...	...	39.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,185	...	...	14.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,080	...	...	7.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	410	...	...	2.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	615	...	...	4.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	635	...	...	4.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	13,675	...	...	91.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,295	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,325	...	...	55.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,350	...	...	42.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	290	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	490	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,700	...	...	11.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,145	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,110	...	...	14.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,905	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,925	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,925	...	...	12.9	...	...
85 years and over	770	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	12,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,295	...	...	87.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,680	...	...	12.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,565	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,315	...	...	22.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,570	...	...	10.5	...	...
Not suitable only	440	...	...	2.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,060	...	...	7.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,650	...	...	77.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,315	...	...	10.2	...	...
Not in core need	11,550	...	...	89.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,030	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	46.1	...	...	46.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	909	...	...	909	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	190,000	...	...	190,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	216,400	...	...	216,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,975	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	25.4	...	...	25.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.6	...	...	30.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.2	...	...	21.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	750	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	818	...	...	818	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	525	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	226	...	...	226	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	265	...	...	265	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,070	2,040	2,030	11.7	11.7	11.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	4,025	2,010	2,015	11.6	11.5	11.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	3,730	1,865	1,870	10.8	10.7	10.8
Métis single ancestry	285	150	135	0.8	0.9	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,260	1,145	1,120	6.5	6.6	6.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,195	1,125	1,070	6.3	6.5	6.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	905	420	480	2.6	2.4	2.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,280	700	585	3.7	4.0	3.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	65	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	28,350	14,255	14,095	81.7	81.7	81.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	34,685	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,710	16,935	16,780	97.2	97.1	97.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,785	4,070	3,710	22.4	23.3	21.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,930	12,865	13,065	74.8	73.8	75.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	970	505	465	2.8	2.9	2.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	34,685	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,880	16,500	16,375	94.8	94.6	95.0
Immigrants⁸¹	1,595	820	775	4.6	4.7	4.5
Before 1980	200	115	90	0.6	0.7	0.5
1980 to 1990	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	370	165	205	1.1	0.9	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	910	480	425	2.6	2.8	2.5
2011 to 2015	505	265	240	1.5	1.5	1.4
2016 to 2021	405	215	190	1.2	1.2	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	205	125	85	0.6	0.7	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,595	815	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	80	55	8.5	9.8	7.1
5 to 14 years	325	205	120	20.4	25.2	15.5
15 to 24 years	235	125	110	14.7	15.3	14.2
25 to 44 years	760	355	410	47.6	43.6	52.9
45 years and over	135	50	85	8.5	6.1	11.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,595	815	775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	170	95	75	10.7	11.7	9.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	120	65	55	7.5	8.0	7.1
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	10	1.6	2.5	1.3
Europe	440	230	205	27.6	28.2	26.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	50	25	20	3.1	3.1	2.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	40	25	15	2.5	3.1	1.9
Poland	25	15	15	1.6	1.8	1.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	30	10	20	1.9	1.2	2.6
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	130	65	60	8.2	8.0	7.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	60	45	6.3	7.4	5.8
Other places of birth in Europe	45	25	25	2.8	3.1	3.2
Africa	130	75	60	8.2	9.2	7.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0.9	1.2	1.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	95	55	40	6.0	6.7	5.2
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	1.3	1.2	1.3
Asia	840	415	420	52.7	50.9	54.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	1.6	1.8	1.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	705	335	365	44.2	41.1	47.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	55	30	25	3.4	3.7	3.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	405	220	190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	4.9	4.5	5.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	2.5	0.0	5.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	25	15	8.6	11.4	7.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	4.9	6.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	2.5	4.5	5.3
Africa	55	40	15	13.6	18.2	7.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	50	35	15	12.3	15.9	7.9
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	290	145	150	71.6	65.9	78.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	25	20	11.1	11.4	10.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	225	105	120	55.6	47.7	63.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	34,680	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,915	980	935	5.5	5.6	5.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,870	1,840	2,030	11.2	10.6	11.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	28,895	14,620	14,275	83.3	83.8	82.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,390	705	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,125	605	520	80.9	85.8	75.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	445	305	145	32.0	43.3	21.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	680	305	370	48.9	43.3	54.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	255	90	165	18.3	12.8	24.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,390	705	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	385	215	170	27.7	30.5	24.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	45	15	4.3	6.4	2.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	15	15	2.5	2.1	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	905	430	480	65.1	61.0	70.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,335	710	625	3.8	4.1	3.6
South Asian	155	90	65	0.4	0.5	0.4
Chinese	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Filipino	830	405	425	2.4	2.3	2.5
Arab	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latin American	75	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Southeast Asian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	33,345	16,730	16,620	96.2	95.9	96.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	34,685	17,440	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,125	2,050	2,075	11.9	11.8	12.0
English	8,270	3,975	4,295	23.8	22.8	24.9
Irish	4,915	2,290	2,625	14.2	13.1	15.2
Scottish	6,115	2,885	3,230	17.6	16.5	18.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,655	1,735	1,915	10.5	9.9	11.1
German	7,815	3,870	3,950	22.5	22.2	22.9
Chinese	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	190	90	100	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indian (India)	95	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	4,895	2,425	2,475	14.1	13.9	14.4
Dutch	950	440	510	2.7	2.5	3.0
Polish	1,785	900	885	5.1	5.2	5.1
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	485	250	235	1.4	1.4	1.4
Filipino	815	410	405	2.3	2.4	2.3
French Canadian	180	95	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	330	190	135	1.0	1.1	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,040	1,010	1,030	5.9	5.8	6.0
Métis	1,680	890	780	4.8	5.1	4.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	380	190	185	1.1	1.1	1.1
Russian	775	355	415	2.2	2.0	2.4
Norwegian	3,840	1,970	1,875	11.1	11.3	10.9
Welsh	445	190	260	1.3	1.1	1.5
Portuguese	40	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
American	435	240	195	1.3	1.4	1.1
Spanish	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Swedish	1,720	855	865	5.0	4.9	5.0
Hungarian	995	500	495	2.9	2.9	2.9
Acadian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pakistani	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	1,325	650	670	3.8	3.7	3.9
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	175	85	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Lebanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	445	190	255	1.3	1.1	1.5
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	270	135	130	0.8	0.8	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	315	165	145	0.9	0.9	0.8
Belgian	250	135	110	0.7	0.8	0.6
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	485	260	225	1.4	1.5	1.3
Swiss	180	85	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Finnish	115	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	285	160	125	0.8	0.9	0.7
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	290	120	170	0.8	0.7	1.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ojibway	90	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Newfoundlander	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	130	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Australian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	90	55	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	55	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	190	105	85	0.5	0.6	0.5
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	620	290	330	1.8	1.7	1.9
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	80	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	34,680	17,440	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	19,775	9,325	10,455	57.0	53.5	60.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,360	1,655	1,705	9.7	9.5	9.9
Anabaptist	450	185	265	1.3	1.1	1.5
Anglican	1,920	890	1,030	5.5	5.1	6.0
Baptist	525	250	275	1.5	1.4	1.6
Catholic	5,310	2,605	2,705	15.3	14.9	15.7
Christian Orthodox	365	220	150	1.1	1.3	0.9
Jehovah's Witness	240	110	130	0.7	0.6	0.8
Latter Day Saints	70	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lutheran	1,525	765	755	4.4	4.4	4.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	670	320	350	1.9	1.8	2.0
Presbyterian	140	45	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
Reformed	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
United Church	3,470	1,475	1,990	10.0	8.5	11.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	1,630	720	905	4.7	4.1	5.2
Hindu	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	545	260	285	1.6	1.5	1.7
Other religions and spiritual traditions	125	60	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	14,110	7,720	6,385	40.7	44.3	37.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	34,300	17,225	17,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	30,885	15,530	15,355	90.0	90.2	89.9
Movers	3,420	1,690	1,730	10.0	9.8	10.1
Non-migrants	1,775	895	885	5.2	5.2	5.2
Migrants	1,645	790	850	4.8	4.6	5.0
Internal migrants	1,570	770	800	4.6	4.5	4.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,325	665	665	3.9	3.9	3.9
Interprovincial migrants	240	110	135	0.7	0.6	0.8
External migrants	70	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	32,565	16,305	16,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,130	11,275	10,850	68.0	69.2	66.7
Movers	10,435	5,030	5,410	32.0	30.8	33.3
Non-migrants	3,355	1,630	1,725	10.3	10.0	10.6
Migrants	7,075	3,395	3,685	21.7	20.8	22.7
Internal migrants	6,635	3,155	3,475	20.4	19.3	21.4
Intraprovincial migrants	5,800	2,740	3,055	17.8	16.8	18.8
Interprovincial migrants	835	410	420	2.6	2.5	2.6
External migrants	445	240	205	1.4	1.5	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,655	4,580	3,070	27.3	32.7	21.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,385	9,415	10,970	72.7	67.3	78.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,195	8,075	8,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,780	1,795	990	17.2	22.2	12.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,415	6,285	7,135	82.8	77.8	87.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,900	4,085	2,815	24.6	29.2	20.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,335	4,695	4,640	33.3	33.5	33.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,805	5,215	6,590	42.1	37.3	46.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,615	4,020	4,595	30.7	28.7	32.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,960	2,090	870	10.6	14.9	6.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,175	590	585	4.2	4.2	4.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,785	1,500	285	6.4	10.7	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,800	1,600	3,210	17.1	11.4	22.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	855	335	515	3.0	2.4	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,190	1,200	1,995	11.4	8.6	14.2
Bachelor's degree	2,610	945	1,665	9.3	6.8	11.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	65	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	315	130	180	1.1	0.9	1.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,200	8,075	8,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,505	1,600	905	15.5	19.8	11.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,480	2,865	2,615	33.8	35.5	32.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,210	3,610	4,600	50.7	44.7	56.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,790	2,770	3,020	35.7	34.3	37.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,900	1,370	530	11.7	17.0	6.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	720	365	355	4.4	4.5	4.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,180	1,000	180	7.3	12.4	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,390	1,155	2,235	20.9	14.3	27.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	500	245	255	3.1	3.0	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,425	840	1,585	15.0	10.4	19.5
Bachelor's degree	1,970	675	1,295	12.2	8.4	15.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	45	90	0.8	0.6	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	255	85	165	1.6	1.1	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	16,235	8,780	7,460	57.9	62.7	53.1
Education	1,295	275	1,020	4.6	2.0	7.3
13. Education	1,295	275	1,020	4.6	2.0	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	30	70	0.3	0.2	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
Humanities	360	175	185	1.3	1.3	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	180	100	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
54. History	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	130	445	2.1	0.9	3.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	0	205	0.7	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
45. Social sciences	150	45	105	0.5	0.3	0.7
Business, management and public administration	2,330	605	1,725	8.3	4.3	12.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	85	215	1.1	0.6	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,030	525	1,510	7.2	3.8	10.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	100	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	60	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,580	2,480	105	9.2	17.7	0.7
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	130	110	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	440	405	30	1.6	2.9	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	700	680	25	2.5	4.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	905	890	15	3.2	6.4	0.1
48. Precision production	405	395	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	965	700	265	3.4	5.0	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	760	540	230	2.7	3.9	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	165	45	0.7	1.2	0.3
Health and related fields	2,385	300	2,085	8.5	2.1	14.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,270	240	2,030	8.1	1.7	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	915	355	560	3.3	2.5	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	650	115	540	2.3	0.8	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	185	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,200	8,075	8,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,990	4,465	3,520	49.3	55.3	43.3
Education	765	150	615	4.7	1.9	7.6
13. Education	765	150	615	4.7	1.9	7.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
Humanities	250	130	125	1.5	1.6	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	75	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
54. History	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	460	90	375	2.8	1.1	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	0	180	1.1	0.0	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.4
45. Social sciences	120	35	85	0.7	0.4	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,720	455	1,265	10.6	5.6	15.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	40	165	1.3	0.5	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,510	410	1,105	9.3	5.1	13.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	60	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,695	1,620	75	10.5	20.1	0.9
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	105	85	15	0.6	1.1	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	285	260	25	1.8	3.2	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	500	485	20	3.1	6.0	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	535	520	10	3.3	6.4	0.1
48. Precision production	270	265	0	1.7	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	545	225	4.8	6.7	2.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	600	410	195	3.7	5.1	2.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	135	35	1.0	1.7	0.4
Health and related fields	1,655	215	1,440	10.2	2.7	17.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,580	180	1,400	9.8	2.2	17.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	625	280	335	3.9	3.5	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	405	80	320	2.5	1.0	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	150	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	16,200	8,075	8,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,990	4,465	3,520	49.3	55.3	43.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,215	3,610	4,605	50.7	44.7	56.7
Location of study inside Canada	7,470	3,260	4,210	46.1	40.4	51.8
Same as province or territory of residence	6,255	2,650	3,610	38.6	32.8	44.4
Different than province or territory of residence	1,215	615	600	7.5	7.6	7.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	745	350	395	4.6	4.3	4.9
Americas	120	60	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
United States of America	110	55	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	185	95	95	1.1	1.2	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Netherlands	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukraine	95	55	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Nigeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	330	160	180	2.0	2.0	2.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	280	130	145	1.7	1.6	1.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Australia	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	28,040	13,995	14,045	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,160	9,195	7,960	...	...	...
Employed	16,010	8,530	7,480	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,145	665	480	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,880	4,800	6,085	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.2	65.7	56.7	61.2	65.7	56.7
Employment rate	57.1	61.0	53.3	57.1	61.0	53.3
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.2	6.0	6.7	7.2	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	28,040	13,995	14,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	10,865	4,825	6,040	38.7	34.5	43.0
Worked	17,170	9,170	8,000	61.2	65.5	57.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,360	5,430	3,935	33.4	38.8	28.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,815	3,745	4,065	27.9	26.8	28.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.2	40.9	41.6	42.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,155	9,195	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	295	165	125	1.7	1.8	1.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,860	9,030	7,830	98.3	98.2	98.4
Employee	12,810	6,345	6,470	74.7	69.0	81.3
Permanent position	10,030	4,905	5,130	58.5	53.3	64.4
Temporary position	2,780	1,440	1,340	16.2	15.7	16.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	570	230	340	3.3	2.5	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,215	1,210	1,000	12.9	13.2	12.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,045	2,685	1,360	23.6	29.2	17.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,155	9,195	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	295	165	125	1.7	1.8	1.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,860	9,030	7,830	98.3	98.2	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	155	105	60	0.9	1.1	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,965	420	1,540	11.5	4.6	19.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	395	260	135	2.3	2.8	1.7
3 Health occupations	1,285	150	1,130	7.5	1.6	14.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,725	405	1,315	10.1	4.4	16.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	220	70	155	1.3	0.8	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	3,655	1,340	2,320	21.3	14.6	29.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,250	2,950	305	18.9	32.1	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,505	2,740	765	20.4	29.8	9.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	690	590	95	4.0	6.4	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,155	9,195	7,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	295	165	125	1.7	1.8	1.6
All industries¹⁹¹	16,860	9,030	7,830	98.3	98.2	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,555	2,655	900	20.7	28.9	11.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	300	275	30	1.7	3.0	0.4
22 Utilities	140	120	15	0.8	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	1,185	1,035	155	6.9	11.3	1.9
31-33 Manufacturing	1,010	760	255	5.9	8.3	3.2
41 Wholesale trade	620	465	155	3.6	5.1	1.9
44-45 Retail trade	2,050	865	1,180	11.9	9.4	14.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	525	390	135	3.1	4.2	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	130	40	85	0.8	0.4	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	470	135	335	2.7	1.5	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	55	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	410	140	270	2.4	1.5	3.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	200	180	2.2	2.2	2.3
61 Educational services	1,185	285	895	6.9	3.1	11.2
62 Health care and social assistance	2,220	325	1,900	12.9	3.5	23.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	220	120	100	1.3	1.3	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	805	280	520	4.7	3.0	6.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	715	435	280	4.2	4.7	3.5
91 Public administration	815	430	380	4.8	4.7	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	18,490	9,850	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,945	9,585	8,360	97.1	97.3	96.8
French	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official language	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	385	195	185	2.1	2.0	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	18,490	9,850	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,340	9,770	8,570	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	18,190	9,680	8,510	98.4	98.3	98.5
English	18,135	9,665	8,480	98.1	98.1	98.1
French	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-official languages	150	90	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	85	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Algonquian languages	85	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	45	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	50	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	150	80	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	150	80	75	0.8	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	18,490	9,850	8,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,170	9,700	8,475	98.3	98.5	98.1
English	115	70	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
French	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	120	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	95	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-Indigenous	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	16,015	8,530	7,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,045	1,835	1,210	19.0	21.5	16.2
Worked outside Canada	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,980	1,565	415	12.4	18.3	5.6
Usual place of work	10,965	5,120	5,845	68.5	60.0	78.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,965	5,120	5,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,985	2,615	3,365	54.6	51.1	57.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,980	1,830	2,150	36.3	35.7	36.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	910	595	315	8.3	11.6	5.4
Commute to a different province or territory	95	85	10	0.9	1.7	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,945	6,685	6,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,595	6,070	5,530	89.6	90.8	88.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	10,990	5,855	5,135	84.9	87.6	82.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	610	215	395	4.7	3.2	6.3
Public transit	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Walked	1,035	455	580	8.0	6.8	9.3
Bicycle	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Other method	230	120	115	1.8	1.8	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,945	6,685	6,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,030	3,810	4,225	62.0	57.0	67.5
15 to 29 minutes	2,465	1,325	1,140	19.0	19.8	18.2
30 to 44 minutes	1,455	885	570	11.2	13.2	9.1
45 to 59 minutes	400	245	160	3.1	3.7	2.6
60 minutes and over	595	425	170	4.6	6.4	2.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,945	6,685	6,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	925	635	290	7.1	9.5	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,285	1,560	725	17.7	23.3	11.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,755	2,050	1,705	29.0	30.7	27.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,250	1,215	2,030	25.1	18.2	32.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,305	430	875	10.1	6.4	14.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,425	790	630	11.0	11.8	10.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,055	4,205	3,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	145	120	3.2	3.4	3.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,795	4,065	3,730	96.8	96.7	96.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,790	3,015	2,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	105	75	3.1	3.5	2.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	60	30	1.6	2.0	1.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	50	45	1.6	1.7	1.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,605	2,905	2,705	96.8	96.4	97.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 26, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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