Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Gravenhurst, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	13,157	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,311	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,271	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,496	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	489.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	13,155	6,720	6,435
0 to 14 years	1,505	750	755
0 to 4 years	485	235	250
5 to 9 years	475	240	240
10 to 14 years	550	280	270
15 to 64 years	7,770	4,135	3,640
15 to 19 years	490	245	245
20 to 24 years	535	285	245
25 to 29 years	635	330	300
30 to 34 years	725	390	335
35 to 39 years	805	460	345
40 to 44 years	660	360	305
45 to 49 years	650	360	285
50 to 54 years	820	430	390
55 to 59 years	1,140	590	550
60 to 64 years	1,315	675	640
65 years and over	3,880	1,840	2,040
65 to 69 years	1,175	565	610
70 to 74 years	985	500	490
75 to 79 years	720	350	370
80 to 84 years	480	245	230
85 years and over	515	180	340
85 to 89 years	305	105	205
90 to 94 years	165	60	100
95 to 99 years	40	10	30
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.4	11.2	11.7
15 to 64 years	59.1	61.5	56.6
65 years and over	29.5	27.4	31.7
85 years and over	3.9	2.7	5.3
Average age of the population	49.1	48.3	49.9
Median age of the population	53.6	52.0	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,495	...	...
Single-detached house	4,310	...	...
Semi-detached house	70	...	...
Row house	175	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	585	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	180	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,495	...	...
1 person	1,620	...	...
2 persons	2,380	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...
4 persons	500	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,130	5,950	6,175
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,650	5,970	5,680
Married or living common-law	6,505	3,280	3,225
Married	5,120	2,585	2,535
Living common-law	1,385	695	695
Living common law - Never married	870	420	450
Living common law - Separated	90	50	40
Living common law - Divorced	355	195	165
Living common law - Widowed	65	20	40
Not married and not living common-law	5,145	2,695	2,455
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,725	1,605	1,120
Not married and not living common law - Separated	390	205	185
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,080	630	450
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	950	255	695
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,770	...	...
2 persons	2,485	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...
4 persons	465	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,775	...	...
Total couple families	3,145	...	...
Married couples	2,455	...	...
With children⁶	805	...	...
Without children	1,650	...	...
Common-law couples	690	...	...
With children⁶	270	...	...
Without children	425	...	...
Total one-parent families	630	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	470	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	160	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	12,130	5,950	6,175
Total - Persons in census families	9,695	4,770	4,920
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,290	3,145	3,145
Parents in one-parent families	625	155	465
Children⁶	2,770	1,465	1,310
In a two-parent family	1,860	965	895
In a one-parent family	915	495	415
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,435	1,180	1,260
Living alone	1,620	790	835
Living with other relatives⁷	295	115	175
Living with non-relatives only	525	280	250
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,495	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,285	...	...
Couple-family households	2,820	...	...
With children⁶	935	...	...
Without children	1,880	...	...
One-parent-family households	465	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	190	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	225	...	...
One-person households	1,620	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	10,625	5,200	5,425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,390	5,065	5,315
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,395	5,075	5,325
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,960	4,450	4,505
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	38,000	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,635	3,440	3,190
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	35,200	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,540	4,635	4,905
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	11,800	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,025	520	500
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,575	1,205	1,365
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	10,630	5,200	5,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,410	5,065	5,350
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,840	58,650	43,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,420	5,075	5,350
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,120	48,840	37,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,935	4,395	4,540
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,960	55,450	36,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,630	3,390	3,240
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,760	46,040	35,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,520	4,605	4,915
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,500	11,510	13,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,065	485	575
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,120	7,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,540	1,210	1,330
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,540	8,260	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	10,630	5,200	5,425
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,785	1,580	1,200
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,800	61,200	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,400	71,000	60,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,775	1,255	1,525
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	22,200	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,580	29,550	22,320
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	82.2	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	51.1	52.5	49.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.5	17.9	28.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.0	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.9	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.4	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	10,630	5,205	5,425
Without total income	240	135	105
With total income	10,385	5,070	5,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	745	320	425
$10,000 to $19,999	1,480	575	900
$20,000 to $29,999	1,830	795	1,040
$30,000 to $39,999	1,440	625	815
$40,000 to $49,999	1,270	620	645
$50,000 to $59,999	940	505	435
$60,000 to $69,999	750	425	330
$70,000 to $79,999	510	295	215
$80,000 to $89,999	365	240	125
$90,000 to $99,999	275	155	115
$100,000 and over	780	505	275
$100,000 to $149,999	495	305	185
$150,000 and over	285	195	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	10,630	5,205	5,425
Without after-tax income	230	130	105
With after-tax income	10,395	5,070	5,320
Under $10,000 (including loss)	835	350	485
$10,000 to $19,999	1,545	605	940
$20,000 to $29,999	2,040	885	1,155
$30,000 to $39,999	1,690	770	920
$40,000 to $49,999	1,405	730	680
$50,000 to $59,999	965	575	395
$60,000 to $69,999	625	350	275
$70,000 to $79,999	440	270	165
$80,000 to $89,999	265	155	110
$90,000 to $99,999	160	105	60
$100,000 and over	420	285	135
$100,000 to $124,999	205	125	75
$125,000 and over	215	155	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	10,630	5,205	5,425
Without employment income	3,995	1,765	2,235
With employment income	6,630	3,445	3,190
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,235	670	565
$5,000 to $9,999	560	220	340
$10,000 to $19,999	815	340	480
$20,000 to $29,999	695	315	385
$30,000 to $39,999	670	330	345
$40,000 to $49,999	600	315	285
$50,000 to $59,999	510	295	220
$60,000 to $69,999	405	240	165
$70,000 to $79,999	270	165	105
$80,000 to $89,999	205	135	70
$90,000 to $99,999	180	95	85
$100,000 and over	475	335	145
$100,000 to $124,999	210	135	75
$125,000 and over	265	195	75
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	10,625	5,200	5,425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,290	5,010	5,280
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,295	5,010	5,285
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,400	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,960	4,445	4,515
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	40,000	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,765	3,485	3,280
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,000	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,115	4,390	4,725
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,150	9,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	775	390	385
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,840	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	10,630	5,200	5,430
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,365	5,045	5,320
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,600	53,900	39,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,370	5,045	5,325
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	44,440	34,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,020	4,470	4,550
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	52,250	35,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,850	3,505	3,340
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,000	46,360	35,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,200	4,395	4,800
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,390	8,710	10,010
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	790	355	435
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	5,840	6,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	10,630	5,200	5,425
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,735	1,550	1,185
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	59,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,850	68,200	58,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,700	1,225	1,475
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,800	28,200	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,360	37,300	26,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	86.0	77.2
Employment income (%)	58.1	59.8	56.0
Government transfers (%)	17.9	14.1	22.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.8	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,495	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,620	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,495	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	96,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,620	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,875	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,495	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	370	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,790	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	395	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	440	...	...
$200,000 and over	345	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,495	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	440	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	570	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...
$150,000 and over	460	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,710	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,910	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,145	1,065	1,080
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	38,000	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	34,400	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,670	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,885	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	560	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,180	1,030	1,145
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,320	46,600	48,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,200	39,300	41,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	12,130	5,950	6,175
0 to 17 years	1,785	900	890
0 to 5 years	580	280	300
18 to 64 years	6,800	3,340	3,460
65 years and over	3,540	1,715	1,825
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,495	700	800
0 to 17 years	255	130	120
0 to 5 years	90	45	45
18 to 64 years	800	385	415
65 years and over	450	185	265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.4	11.8	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.1	14.4	13.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	16.5	14.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.5	11.9
65 years and over (%)	12.7	10.8	14.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	12,130	5,950	6,180
0 to 17 years	1,790	895	890
0 to 5 years	580	275	300
18 to 64 years	6,795	3,340	3,460
65 years and over	3,545	1,720	1,830
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	375	185	190
0 to 17 years	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	290	150	140
65 years and over	50	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.1	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	1.8	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.6	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.6	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.0	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	12,130	5,950	6,175
In bottom half of the distribution	6,760	3,260	3,505
In bottom decile	1,325	645	680
In second decile	1,505	705	805
In third decile	1,325	640	685
In fourth decile	1,380	655	730
In fifth decile	1,230	620	605
In top half of the distribution	5,365	2,690	2,675
In sixth decile	1,395	710	685
In seventh decile	1,120	550	575
In eighth decile	1,005	510	495
In ninth decile	980	490	495
In top decile	860	445	420
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	12,130	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.338	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.486	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.296	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	12,245	6,005	6,235
English only	11,700	5,800	5,900
French only	0	0	0
English and French	530	200	330
Neither English nor French	15	5	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	12,245	6,005	6,235
English	12,105	5,950	6,155
French	115	40	70
English and French	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	12,245	6,005	6,235
Single responses	12,110	5,950	6,165
Official languages	11,570	5,680	5,890
English	11,450	5,630	5,820
French	120	45	75
Non-official languages	540	270	270
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	535	270	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	390	205	185
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	50
Baltic languages	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	50	55
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5
Macedonian	5	0	5
Polish	35	15	15
Russian	15	10	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	165	80	90
Frisian	5	0	0
High German languages	110	55	50
German	105	55	50
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	20	25
Afrikaans	5	0	5
Dutch	35	15	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5
Danish	10	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0
Hindi	5	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	45	25
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	5
Portuguese	15	10	0
Romanian	5	0	5
Spanish	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15
Chinese languages	25	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	25
Estonian	5	5	0
Finnish	10	5	10
Hungarian	30	10	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	55	75
English and French	30	10	20
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	12,245	6,005	6,235
English	11,760	5,770	5,990
French	10	5	10
Non-official language	65	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	30	30
English and French	70	30	40
English and non-official language(s)	305	155	150
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	12,245	6,005	6,235
Single responses	12,190	5,980	6,205
Official languages	12,055	5,905	6,150
English	12,040	5,905	6,140
French	15	5	15
Non-official languages	130	70	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	40	30
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	10	5
German	10	10	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5
Spanish	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	5
Hungarian	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30
English and French	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	12,245	6,005	6,235
None	11,885	5,825	6,055
English	55	30	20
French	55	20	35
Non-official language	205	105	105
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	205	105	105
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	12,125	5,955	6,175
Official languages	12,125	5,955	6,175
English	12,125	5,950	6,175
French	535	225	310
Non-official languages	730	370	360
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	370	355
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	505	280	225
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	25
Russian	20	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	120	95
Frisian	10	0	0
High German languages	150	90	60
German	145	85	60
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	35	25
Afrikaans	15	10	10
Dutch	45	20	20
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	10	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	115	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	50	35	15
Portuguese	25	15	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	95	60	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15
American Sign Language	25	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	40
Chinese languages	55	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	10	30
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15
Hungarian	15	0	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,130	5,950	6,180
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	500	235	260
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	475	210	260
First Nations (North American Indian)	295	130	165
Métis	180	80	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	25	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	11,630	5,715	5,915
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	12,130	5,950	6,180
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	165	80	85
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,965	5,870	6,095
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,495	...	...
Owner	4,315	...	...
Renter	1,180	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,495	...	...
Condominium	175	...	...
Not condominium	5,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,495	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...
1 bedroom	575	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,590	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,205	...	...
5 rooms	965	...	...
6 rooms	975	...	...
7 rooms	780	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,570	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,455	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,495	...	...
Suitable	5,320	...	...
Not suitable	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,495	...	...
1960 or before	1,330	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,685	...	...
1981 to 1990	745	...	...
1991 to 2000	570	...	...
2001 to 2005	355	...	...
2006 to 2010	295	...	...
2011 to 2015	190	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,075	...	...
Major repairs needed	420	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,495	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,880	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,425	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	190	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	445	...	...
35 to 44 years	645	...	...
45 to 54 years	795	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,275	...	...
75 to 84 years	760	...	...
85 years and over	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,470	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,360	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,500	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	960	...	...
Not suitable only	150	...	...
Major repairs needed only	275	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	3,955	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,345	...	...
In core need	470	...	...
Not in core need	4,875	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,245	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	524,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	644,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,180	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	21.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	38.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	22.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,078	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	12,130	5,950	6,175
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	270	110	160
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	250	90	155
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	220	85	140
Métis single ancestry	30	10	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	430	195	230
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	415	185	230
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	280	140	140
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	40	75
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	11,430	5,645	5,785
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	12,130	5,955	6,175
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,915	5,840	6,070
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,780	890	890
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,135	4,955	5,185
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	215	110	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	12,130	5,955	6,175
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,120	5,430	5,690
Immigrants⁸¹	970	500	470
Before 1980	625	340	285
1980 to 1990	110	45	65
1991 to 2000	95	55	45
2001 to 2010	75	20	55
2011 to 2021⁸²	70	35	30
2011 to 2015	45	20	25
2016 to 2021	20	15	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	975	500	475
Under 5 years	165	100	60
5 to 14 years	230	130	95
15 to 24 years	215	105	110
25 to 44 years	330	145	180
45 years and over	45	20	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	975	500	475
Americas	140	80	65
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	85	40	45
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0
Europe	660	355	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	115	70	45
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0
Netherlands	50	25	25
Poland	40	15	25
Portugal	15	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295	155	140
Other places of birth in Europe	90	45	45
Africa	35	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	120	50	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	10	0
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	12,125	5,950	6,180
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,045	545	505
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,675	805	875
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,405	4,605	4,795
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	350	160	190
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	130	60	70
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	50	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	10	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	175	75	100
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	350	160	190
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	40	35
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	20
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	20	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	210	95	115
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	12,130	5,950	6,180
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	375	190	185
South Asian	70	40	30
Chinese	70	30	40
Black	105	65	40
Filipino	30	10	20
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	20	15	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	30	0	20
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	15
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,755	5,760	5,995
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	12,130	5,955	6,175
Canadian	2,030	1,040	995
English	4,455	2,200	2,260
Irish	2,935	1,400	1,540
Scottish	3,300	1,575	1,725
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,025	505	525
German	1,640	795	845
Chinese	95	45	50
Italian	385	200	180
Indian (India)	60	30	30
Ukrainian	295	115	180
Dutch	570	220	350
Polish	370	180	190
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	750	360	395
Filipino	35	10	20
French Canadian	195	80	110
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	235	135	95
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	195	85	110
Métis	180	75	105
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	230	125	105
Russian	135	70	65
Norwegian	100	70	30
Welsh	325	155	170
Portuguese	45	30	15
American	115	60	50
Spanish	40	20	20
Swedish	65	10	55
Hungarian	100	40	65
Acadian	15	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	20	30
Jewish	40	25	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	25	15
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0
Korean	30	10	25
Romanian	20	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	10	0	0
Danish	90	20	60
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	80	30	50
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	70	25	45
Belgian	30	10	20
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	115	25	85
Finnish	105	65	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	15	20
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	10	30
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10
Colombian	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	20
Syrian	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0
Ojibway	95	50	45
Newfoundlander	80	25	50
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	100	55	45
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	50	15	35
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	15	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	15	0
South African	10	0	0
Australian	15	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	20
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	20
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	65	45	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	10
Bulgarian	10	0	10
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	15	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	25	10	10
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	15	10	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	35	15	15
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	12,130	5,950	6,180
Buddhist	30	10	25
Christian	5,665	2,560	3,105
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	610	305	305
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	845	330	515
Baptist	405	195	210
Catholic	1,595	775	820
Christian Orthodox	15	10	10
Jehovah's Witness	60	20	35
Latter Day Saints	15	10	0
Lutheran	65	30	40
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	65	35	25
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	50	55
Presbyterian	275	120	155
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	1,230	530	705
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	365	145	220
Hindu	15	10	10
Jewish	110	65	45
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	25	60
No religion and secular perspectives	6,195	3,270	2,925
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	12,065	5,920	6,140
Non-movers	10,710	5,285	5,420
Movers	1,360	640	715
Non-migrants	390	205	185
Migrants	970	430	535
Internal migrants	965	430	530
Intraprovincial migrants	940	420	520
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,655	5,725	5,930
Non-movers	6,745	3,300	3,445
Movers	4,910	2,420	2,485
Non-migrants	1,215	630	590
Migrants	3,690	1,790	1,900
Internal migrants	3,645	1,770	1,875
Intraprovincial migrants	3,500	1,690	1,810
Interprovincial migrants	140	80	60
External migrants	45	25	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,630	5,200	5,425
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,215	1,260	960
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,415	3,945	4,470
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,085	3,020	3,070
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	975	605	375
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,110	2,415	2,690
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,630	5,200	5,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,930	1,095	835
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,575	1,720	1,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,120	2,390	2,735
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,480	1,700	1,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	715	565	155
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325	225	105
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	390	340	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,625	1,070	1,560
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	70	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,645	685	955
Bachelor's degree	1,220	470	755
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	45	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	35	15
Master's degree	225	135	90
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,090	3,020	3,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	850	530	325
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,035	1,035	1,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,200	1,455	1,745
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,165	1,065	1,100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	465	380	85
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	220	165	55
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	240	215	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,645	650	990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	30	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,030	395	640
Bachelor's degree	810	280	525
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10
Master's degree	135	80	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,625	5,205	5,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,510	2,815	2,695
Education	300	90	210
13. Education	300	90	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	230	70	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	195	40	155
Humanities	300	100	195
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	15	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	0	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	10
54. History	60	30	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	615	175	435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	30	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	15	190
22. Legal professions and studies	95	20	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15
42. Psychology	90	30	60
45. Social sciences	140	80	60
Business, management and public administration	905	345	560
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	810	340	475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	80	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	40	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	40	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	80	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	70	30
25. Library science	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,030	980	55
04. Architecture and related services	70	55	10
14. Engineering	85	75	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	175	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	305	305	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	275	270	0
48. Precision production	100	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	65	85
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	50	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	20	25
Health and related fields	855	135	715
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	50	45
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	730	70	665
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	470	255	215
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	200	60	140
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	200	130	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,085	3,015	3,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,885	1,565	1,325
Education	135	30	110
13. Education	135	30	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	45	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	25	120
Humanities	175	65	115
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0
54. History	35	10	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	120	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	15	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	15	135
22. Legal professions and studies	60	0	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	55	25	35
45. Social sciences	110	60	45
Business, management and public administration	505	160	345
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	440	155	290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	65	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	55	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	45	25
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	675	630	45
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	10
14. Engineering	50	50	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	80	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	215	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	185	0
48. Precision production	75	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	60	70
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	85	40	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	20	20
Health and related fields	475	60	420
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	25	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	410	35	375
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	330	170	160
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	45	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	155	85	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,085	3,015	3,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,885	1,565	1,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,200	1,460	1,740
Location of study inside Canada	3,020	1,355	1,665
Same as province or territory of residence	2,870	1,300	1,570
Different than province or territory of residence	145	55	95
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	185	105	80
Americas	80	40	40
United States of America	75	40	35
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	50	35	20
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	25
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	20	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	15	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	10,630	5,200	5,430
In the labour force	5,845	2,995	2,850
Employed	5,220	2,655	2,565
Unemployed	620	340	280
Not in the labour force	4,785	2,210	2,580
Participation rate	55.0	57.6	52.5
Employment rate	49.1	51.1	47.2
Unemployment rate	10.6	11.4	9.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	10,625	5,205	5,425
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,715	2,175	2,540
Worked	5,915	3,025	2,885
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,890	1,650	1,235
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,025	1,375	1,650
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	41.1	39.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,845	2,995	2,850
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	70	10
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,760	2,925	2,835
Employee	4,660	2,220	2,435
Permanent position	3,865	1,865	2,000
Temporary position	790	355	435
Fixed term (1 year or more)	200	90	115
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	590	270	325
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,100	700	405
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,845	2,995	2,850
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	70	10
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,760	2,925	2,835
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	30	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	760	180	570
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	265	200	60
3 Health occupations	370	45	325
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	655	210	450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	55	75
6 Sales and service occupations	1,805	655	1,155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,420	1,315	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	135	95	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	135	40
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,845	2,995	2,850
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	85	70	10
All industries¹⁹¹	5,760	2,925	2,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0
22 Utilities	60	50	10
23 Construction	850	750	95
31-33 Manufacturing	325	205	115
41 Wholesale trade	70	45	30
44-45 Retail trade	990	410	585
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	150	50
51 Information and cultural industries	45	40	0
52 Finance and insurance	115	60	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	70	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	310	130	180
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	215	120
61 Educational services	305	110	200
62 Health care and social assistance	620	60	555
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	180	85	100
72 Accommodation and food services	515	175	335
81 Other services (except public administration)	275	145	125
91 Public administration	395	180	215
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,355	3,250	3,105
English	6,275	3,215	3,060
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	55	30	25
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	20
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,355	3,250	3,105
Single responses	6,350	3,245	3,105
Official languages	6,350	3,245	3,105
English	6,340	3,245	3,095
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,355	3,250	3,105
None	6,285	3,220	3,065
English	0	0	0
French	45	30	20
Non-official language	20	0	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,220	2,655	2,565
Worked at home	915	355	560
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	895	715	190
Usual place of work	3,405	1,585	1,815
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,405	1,590	1,815
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,770	755	1,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	900	445	455
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	715	370	345
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,300	2,300	2,005
Car, truck or van	3,875	2,115	1,760
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,595	1,965	1,625
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285	150	135
Public transit	10	0	0
Walked	310	130	175
Bicycle	20	20	0
Other method	85	30	60
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,300	2,300	2,005
Less than 15 minutes	1,490	630	855
15 to 29 minutes	1,355	710	650
30 to 44 minutes	780	465	315
45 to 59 minutes	305	205	100
60 minutes and over	380	295	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,300	2,300	2,005
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	165	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	720	460	260
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,315	805	510
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	940	425	520
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	520	210	315
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	540	240	295
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,825	910	910
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	105	50	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,725	865	860
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,305	665	645
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	30	45
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	15	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,230	625	600

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 26, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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