Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Kivalliq, Region (REG)More information: Nunavut [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,045	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	10,413	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,193	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,719	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	434,331.16	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,045	5,625	5,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,825	1,995	1,830	34.6	35.5	33.8
0 to 4 years	1,390	720	670	12.6	12.8	12.4
5 to 9 years	1,300	695	600	11.8	12.4	11.1
10 to 14 years	1,135	580	560	10.3	10.3	10.3
15 to 64 years	6,750	3,395	3,355	61.1	60.4	61.9
15 to 19 years	1,010	500	510	9.1	8.9	9.4
20 to 24 years	930	460	475	8.4	8.2	8.8
25 to 29 years	855	405	445	7.7	7.2	8.2
30 to 34 years	905	445	465	8.2	7.9	8.6
35 to 39 years	620	315	300	5.6	5.6	5.5
40 to 44 years	560	290	275	5.1	5.2	5.1
45 to 49 years	545	295	250	4.9	5.2	4.6
50 to 54 years	565	290	275	5.1	5.2	5.1
55 to 59 years	435	240	200	3.9	4.3	3.7
60 to 64 years	305	155	155	2.8	2.8	2.9
65 years and over	470	235	240	4.3	4.2	4.4
65 to 69 years	185	90	95	1.7	1.6	1.8
70 to 74 years	150	75	75	1.4	1.3	1.4
75 to 79 years	85	40	40	0.8	0.7	0.7
80 to 84 years	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
85 years and over	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
85 to 89 years	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	34.6	35.5	33.8	34.6	35.5	33.8
15 to 64 years	61.1	60.4	61.9	61.1	60.4	61.9
65 years and over	4.3	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.4
85 years and over	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4
Average age of the population	27.1	27.1	27.2	27.1	27.1	27.2
Median age of the population	23.6	23.4	23.8	23.6	23.4	23.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,380	...	...	50.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	235	...	...	8.6	...	...
Row house	735	...	...	27.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	155	...	...	5.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	200	...	...	7.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	495	...	...	18.2	...	...
2 persons	410	...	...	15.1	...	...
3 persons	380	...	...	14.0	...	...
4 persons	385	...	...	14.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,055	...	...	38.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,975	5,580	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,225	3,630	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	3,710	1,865	1,845	51.3	51.4	51.4
Married	2,245	1,135	1,110	31.1	31.3	30.9
Living common-law	1,465	725	735	20.3	20.0	20.5
Living common law - Never married	1,375	685	690	19.0	18.9	19.2
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Living common law - Divorced	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Widowed	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	3,510	1,770	1,745	48.6	48.8	48.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,040	1,580	1,460	42.1	43.5	40.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	145	75	70	2.0	2.1	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	105	50	50	1.5	1.4	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	225	60	160	3.1	1.7	4.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	785	...	...	29.5	...	...
3 persons	620	...	...	23.3	...	...
4 persons	495	...	...	18.6	...	...
5 or more persons	770	...	...	28.9	...	...
Average size of census families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,805	...	...	67.7	...	...
Married couples	1,070	...	...	40.2	...	...
With children⁶	895	...	...	33.6	...	...
Without children	180	...	...	6.8	...	...
Common-law couples	735	...	...	27.6	...	...
With children⁶	565	...	...	21.2	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	860	...	...	32.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	595	...	...	22.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	270	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	10,975	5,580	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	9,965	4,995	4,970	90.8	89.5	92.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,605	1,800	1,800	32.8	32.3	33.3
Parents in one-parent families	860	270	590	7.8	4.8	10.9
Children⁶	5,500	2,920	2,575	50.1	52.3	47.7
In a two-parent family	3,885	2,030	1,860	35.4	36.4	34.4
In a one-parent family	1,610	895	715	14.7	16.0	13.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,015	585	425	9.2	10.5	7.9
Living alone	490	315	175	4.5	5.6	3.2
Living with other relatives⁷	420	230	195	3.8	4.1	3.6
Living with non-relatives only	95	40	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,580	...	...	58.1	...	...
Couple-family households	1,175	...	...	43.2	...	...
With children⁶	990	...	...	36.4	...	...
Without children	185	...	...	6.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	395	...	...	14.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	405	...	...	14.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	4.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	70	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	495	...	...	18.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,160	3,585	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,810	3,395	3,415	95.1	94.7	95.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	31,000	38,000	34,800	31,000	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,810	3,395	3,415	95.1	94.7	95.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	29,600	37,200	33,600	29,600	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,495	2,715	2,780	76.7	75.7	77.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	30,400	25,800	28,000	30,400	25,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,085	2,530	2,560	71.0	70.6	71.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	33,200	26,400	29,400	33,200	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,795	3,385	3,410	94.9	94.4	95.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,100	5,080	10,600	8,100	5,080	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	695	365	330	9.7	10.2	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,700	6,400	6,750	6,700	6,400	6,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,620	1,315	1,305	36.6	36.7	36.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,160	3,585	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,815	3,400	3,415	95.2	94.8	95.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,450	51,000	53,850	52,450	51,000	53,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,815	3,400	3,415	95.2	94.8	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,800	43,840	47,760	45,800	43,840	47,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,500	2,715	2,780	76.8	75.7	77.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,640	52,650	48,560	50,640	52,650	48,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,085	2,530	2,555	71.0	70.6	71.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	53,150	49,280	51,200	53,150	49,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,795	3,385	3,410	94.9	94.4	95.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,650	8,970	14,320	11,650	8,970	14,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	695	365	330	9.7	10.2	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,460	8,520	8,400	8,460	8,520	8,400
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,625	1,315	1,305	36.7	36.7	36.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,670	10,580	10,760	10,670	10,580	10,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,160	3,585	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,205	1,075	1,130	30.8	30.0	31.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	86,000	85,000	87,000	86,000	85,000	87,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,600	87,600	79,800	83,600	87,600	79,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,380	690	690	19.3	19.2	19.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	18,600	14,400	16,000	18,600	14,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,160	33,600	30,650	32,160	33,600	30,650
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	82.4	73.4	77.8	82.4	73.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.8	77.6	68.4	72.8	77.6	68.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.1	17.5	26.5	22.1	17.5	26.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.8	1.5	1.6	1.8	1.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.7	8.5	8.8	8.7	8.5	8.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.8	8.0	7.6	7.8	8.0	7.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,160	3,585	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	350	190	155	4.9	5.3	4.3
With total income	6,815	3,400	3,415	95.2	94.8	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,185	710	480	17.4	20.9	14.1
$10,000 to $19,999	870	460	405	12.8	13.5	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	970	490	480	14.2	14.4	14.1
$30,000 to $39,999	715	315	395	10.5	9.3	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	490	195	295	7.2	5.7	8.6
$50,000 to $59,999	360	170	185	5.3	5.0	5.4
$60,000 to $69,999	280	125	150	4.1	3.7	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	250	115	135	3.7	3.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	245	120	120	3.6	3.5	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	265	125	135	3.9	3.7	4.0
$100,000 and over	1,195	570	625	17.5	16.8	18.3
$100,000 to $149,999	920	410	515	13.5	12.1	15.1
$150,000 and over	275	165	110	4.0	4.9	3.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,160	3,585	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	350	190	155	4.9	5.3	4.3
With after-tax income	6,815	3,400	3,415	95.2	94.8	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,190	710	480	17.5	20.9	14.1
$10,000 to $19,999	890	475	415	13.1	14.0	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,035	535	500	15.2	15.7	14.6
$30,000 to $39,999	740	335	405	10.9	9.9	11.9
$40,000 to $49,999	530	225	305	7.8	6.6	8.9
$50,000 to $59,999	405	185	220	5.9	5.4	6.4
$60,000 to $69,999	315	135	180	4.6	4.0	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	330	165	165	4.8	4.9	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	325	140	185	4.8	4.1	5.4
$90,000 to $99,999	290	120	165	4.3	3.5	4.8
$100,000 and over	765	375	395	11.2	11.0	11.6
$100,000 to $124,999	525	220	300	7.7	6.5	8.8
$125,000 and over	240	150	90	3.5	4.4	2.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,160	3,585	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,075	1,055	1,020	29.0	29.4	28.5
With employment income	5,085	2,530	2,555	71.0	70.6	71.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,000	485	515	19.7	19.2	20.2
$5,000 to $9,999	510	225	280	10.0	8.9	11.0
$10,000 to $19,999	660	300	355	13.0	11.9	13.9
$20,000 to $29,999	390	210	180	7.7	8.3	7.0
$30,000 to $39,999	275	155	120	5.4	6.1	4.7
$40,000 to $49,999	205	115	90	4.0	4.5	3.5
$50,000 to $59,999	205	105	105	4.0	4.2	4.1
$60,000 to $69,999	190	115	75	3.7	4.5	2.9
$70,000 to $79,999	185	95	90	3.6	3.8	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	225	115	115	4.4	4.5	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	240	110	130	4.7	4.3	5.1
$100,000 and over	1,010	495	510	19.9	19.6	20.0
$100,000 to $124,999	440	195	245	8.7	7.7	9.6
$125,000 and over	570	300	270	11.2	11.9	10.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,160	3,585	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,410	3,175	3,235	89.5	88.6	90.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	30,000	34,000	32,000	30,000	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,415	3,175	3,235	89.6	88.6	90.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	29,000	33,200	31,200	29,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,465	2,730	2,735	76.3	76.2	76.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,400	31,600	27,400	29,400	31,600	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,280	2,645	2,635	73.7	73.8	73.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	31,800	24,400	28,000	31,800	24,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,045	2,970	3,075	84.4	82.8	86.0
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,120	1,680	7,950	4,120	1,680	7,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	590	295	290	8.2	8.2	8.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	9,300	9,600	9,400	9,300	9,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,160	3,585	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,410	3,175	3,235	89.5	88.6	90.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,840	50,840	50,880	50,840	50,840	50,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,415	3,175	3,235	89.6	88.6	90.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,320	43,480	45,120	44,320	43,480	45,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,465	2,730	2,735	76.3	76.2	76.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,360	53,150	47,600	50,360	53,150	47,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,280	2,645	2,635	73.7	73.8	73.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,320	52,600	46,040	49,320	52,600	46,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,045	2,965	3,075	84.4	82.7	86.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,390	5,540	11,150	8,390	5,540	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	590	295	290	8.2	8.2	8.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,160	10,100	10,200	10,160	10,100	10,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,160	3,585	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,180	1,055	1,120	30.4	29.4	31.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	79,500	80,000	79,500	79,500	80,000	79,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,600	83,800	73,600	78,600	83,800	73,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,330	685	650	18.6	19.1	18.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	22,400	15,200	19,000	22,400	15,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,960	37,300	32,600	34,960	37,300	32,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	89.8	79.2	84.4	89.8	79.2
Employment income (%)	79.8	86.0	73.6	79.8	86.0	73.6
Government transfers (%)	15.6	10.2	20.8	15.6	10.2	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	495	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,000	...	...	52,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	131,400	...	...	131,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	114,800	...	...	114,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...	75,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,400	...	...	63,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	143,800	...	...	143,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,100	...	...	126,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	2.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	2.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	2.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	110	...	...	4.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	5.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	4.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	115	...	...	4.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,525	...	...	56.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	285	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	310	...	...	11.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	370	...	...	13.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	565	...	...	20.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	2.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	2.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	2.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	3.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	4.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	185	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	155	...	...	5.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	51.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...	14.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	275	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	745	...	...	27.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	585	355	230	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,600	41,200	70,500	53,600	41,200	70,500
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	38,000	61,200	48,400	38,000	61,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	142,600	...	...	142,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,100	...	...	125,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	144,000	...	...	144,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,600	...	...	160,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,400	...	...	141,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,600	...	...	87,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	585	355	230	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	72,800	68,400	80,000	72,800	68,400	80,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,200	57,200	67,500	61,200	57,200	67,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	10,980	5,575	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,425	2,295	2,135	40.3	41.2	39.6
0 to 5 years	1,650	865	780	15.0	15.5	14.5
18 to 64 years	6,080	3,050	3,030	55.4	54.7	56.2
65 years and over	470	235	230	4.3	4.2	4.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,625	840	785	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	815	420	395	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	345	190	155	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	775	415	360	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	15.1	14.5	14.8	15.1	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.2	18.5	18.4	18.2	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	21.0	21.6	20.4	21.0	21.6	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	13.5	11.9	12.7	13.5	11.9
65 years and over (%)	8.5	5.0	12.0	8.5	5.0	12.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
65 years and over	0	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	10,980	5,575	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,400	2,775	2,625	49.2	49.8	48.6
In bottom decile	1,305	685	625	11.9	12.3	11.6
In second decile	1,185	585	600	10.8	10.5	11.1
In third decile	1,110	575	535	10.1	10.3	9.9
In fourth decile	950	480	465	8.7	8.6	8.6
In fifth decile	850	450	395	7.7	8.1	7.3
In top half of the distribution	5,575	2,800	2,775	50.8	50.2	51.4
In sixth decile	970	480	490	8.8	8.6	9.1
In seventh decile	970	465	510	8.8	8.3	9.4
In eighth decile	965	500	465	8.8	9.0	8.6
In ninth decile	1,285	640	650	11.7	11.5	12.0
In top decile	1,380	715	665	12.6	12.8	12.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	10,975	...	...	10,975	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.342	...	...	0.342	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.500	...	...	0.500	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.309	...	...	0.309	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10,290	5,225	5,065	93.6	93.5	93.6
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	130	70	55	1.2	1.3	1.0
Neither English nor French	575	290	280	5.2	5.2	5.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,415	5,285	5,130	94.7	94.5	94.8
French	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
English and French	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Neither English nor French	540	275	265	4.9	4.9	4.9
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	8,835	4,480	4,355	80.4	80.1	80.5
Official languages	3,035	1,605	1,435	27.6	28.7	26.5
English	3,010	1,580	1,425	27.4	28.3	26.3
French	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official languages	5,800	2,875	2,920	52.8	51.4	54.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5,670	2,815	2,855	51.6	50.4	52.8
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5,665	2,815	2,855	51.5	50.4	52.8
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5,665	2,815	2,850	51.5	50.4	52.7
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	65	65	1.2	1.2	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,160	1,105	1,050	19.6	19.8	19.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	2,145	1,095	1,045	19.5	19.6	19.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,705	1,405	1,300	24.6	25.1	24.0
French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	2,660	1,360	1,305	24.2	24.3	24.1
Indigenous³⁹	2,640	1,345	1,295	24.0	24.1	23.9
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	5,580	2,805	2,775	50.8	50.2	51.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,140	4,605	4,535	83.1	82.4	83.8
Official languages	4,860	2,430	2,430	44.2	43.5	44.9
English	4,850	2,430	2,420	44.1	43.5	44.7
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	4,285	2,170	2,110	39.0	38.8	39.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	4,225	2,145	2,080	38.4	38.4	38.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	4,220	2,145	2,080	38.4	38.4	38.4
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuinnaqtun	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	4,210	2,140	2,075	38.3	38.3	38.4
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,850	985	875	16.8	17.6	16.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	1,845	980	865	16.8	17.5	16.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	10,995	5,590	5,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,215	3,745	3,470	65.6	67.0	64.1
English	1,600	805	795	14.6	14.4	14.7
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	2,135	1,015	1,115	19.4	18.2	20.6
Indigenous³⁹	2,070	980	1,090	18.8	17.5	20.1
Non-Indigenous	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	10,405	5,285	5,115	94.8	94.7	94.8
English	10,405	5,285	5,115	94.8	94.7	94.8
French	130	75	60	1.2	1.3	1.1
Non-official languages	9,095	4,585	4,515	82.9	82.2	83.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	8,885	4,470	4,415	81.0	80.1	81.8
Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	10	10	0.0	0.2	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	10	10	0.0	0.2	0.2
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	8,880	4,465	4,415	80.9	80.0	81.8
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	8,880	4,465	4,415	80.9	80.0	81.8
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	120	110	2.1	2.2	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	10	10	0.0	0.2	0.2
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	100	60	45	0.9	1.1	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	10	10	0.0	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	10,175	5,120	5,050	92.7	91.8	93.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	10,130	5,105	5,030	92.3	91.5	93.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Métis	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	10,065	5,060	5,005	91.7	90.7	92.8
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	800	460	340	7.3	8.2	6.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,945	5,560	5,385	99.7	99.6	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	560	...	...	20.6	...	...
Renter	2,155	...	...	79.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	5.0	...	...
Not condominium	2,585	...	...	95.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	380	...	...	14.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,090	...	...	40.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	775	...	...	28.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	465	...	...	17.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,270	...	...	46.7	...	...
5 rooms	665	...	...	24.4	...	...
6 rooms	440	...	...	16.2	...	...
7 rooms	180	...	...	6.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...	5.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,010	...	...	73.9	...	...
More than one person per room	710	...	...	26.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	1,645	...	...	60.5	...	...
Not suitable	1,075	...	...	39.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	55	...	...	2.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	635	...	...	23.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	605	...	...	22.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	545	...	...	20.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...	6.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	220	...	...	8.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	305	...	...	11.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	180	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,780	...	...	65.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	940	...	...	34.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,615	...	...	59.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	970	...	...	35.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	130	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...	23.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	615	...	...	22.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	660	...	...	24.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	445	...	...	16.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	200	...	...	7.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	80	...	...	2.9	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,580	...	...	95.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	5.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	95	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,720	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,655	...	...	60.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	75	...	...	2.8	...	...
Not suitable only	625	...	...	23.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	470	...	...	17.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	425	...	...	15.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,060	...	...	39.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,000	...	...	37.4	...	...
Not in core need	1,675	...	...	62.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	565	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.7	...	...	48.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	18.0	...	...	18.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...	1,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,360	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	332,000	...	...	332,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,155	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	86.8	...	...	86.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	42.5	...	...	42.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	282	...	...	282	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	686	...	...	686	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	10,975	5,575	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	9,000	4,575	4,425	82.0	82.1	81.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	8,915	4,530	4,380	81.2	81.3	81.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	8,875	4,505	4,365	80.9	80.8	80.8
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	85	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	65	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,130	525	605	10.3	9.4	11.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,105	510	595	10.1	9.1	11.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,060	485	570	9.7	8.7	10.6
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	845	475	370	7.7	8.5	6.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	10,980	5,575	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	10,920	5,560	5,365	99.5	99.7	99.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,415	2,295	2,125	40.2	41.2	39.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,505	3,265	3,240	59.2	58.6	60.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	55	20	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	10,980	5,575	5,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,750	5,470	5,275	97.9	98.1	97.7
Immigrants⁸¹	220	100	120	2.0	1.8	2.2
Before 1980	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
1980 to 1990	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	80	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	75	35	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
2011 to 2015	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	225	100	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	15	10	15	6.7	10.0	12.5
5 to 14 years	35	20	15	15.6	20.0	12.5
15 to 24 years	35	15	20	15.6	15.0	16.7
25 to 44 years	110	55	60	48.9	55.0	50.0
45 years and over	25	10	15	11.1	10.0	12.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	225	100	120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	15	30	22.2	15.0	25.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	8.3
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	10	8.9	10.0	8.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	10	8.9	10.0	8.3
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	4.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	15	15	13.3	15.0	12.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	6.7	10.0	8.3
Africa	40	20	20	17.8	20.0	16.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	15	10	10	6.7	10.0	8.3
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	4.4	10.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	8.9	10.0	8.3
Asia	100	50	50	44.4	50.0	41.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	15	25	17.8	15.0	20.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	11.1	15.0	8.3
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	4.4	0.0	8.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	25	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	10	44.4	0.0	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	33.3	40.0	40.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	22.2	0.0	40.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	22.2	40.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	10	0	22.2	40.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	10	10	44.4	40.0	40.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	22.2	40.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	22.2	0.0	40.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	235	110	120	2.1	2.0	2.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	190	100	90	1.7	1.8	1.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,550	5,370	5,185	96.1	96.2	96.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	200	95	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	135	60	70	67.5	63.2	63.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	35	35	35.0	36.8	31.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	65	30	35	32.5	31.6	31.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	40	15	20	20.0	15.8	18.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	10.0	10.5	9.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	0	5.0	10.5	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	200	95	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	10.0	10.5	9.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	10	25	17.5	10.5	22.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	10.0	10.5	9.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	125	60	65	62.5	63.2	59.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	225	100	120	2.1	1.8	2.2
South Asian	45	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Black	85	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Filipino	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.6
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,750	5,475	5,275	97.9	98.1	97.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	10,975	5,575	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	255	125	130	2.3	2.2	2.4
English	265	145	120	2.4	2.6	2.2
Irish	270	135	130	2.5	2.4	2.4
Scottish	470	240	230	4.3	4.3	4.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	120	75	45	1.1	1.3	0.8
German	95	50	45	0.9	0.9	0.8
Chinese	35	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indian (India)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Dutch	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Polish	25	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	80	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Filipino	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
French Canadian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	230	115	110	2.1	2.1	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Métis	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80	40	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
Russian	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norwegian	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Welsh	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Portuguese	40	25	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
American	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Spanish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swedish	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hungarian	35	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Acadian	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	120	50	65	1.1	0.9	1.2
Jewish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jamaican	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	30	30	0.5	0.5	0.6
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.2
Lebanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Danish	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Finnish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10,025	5,050	4,975	91.3	90.6	92.2
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	10,975	5,580	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	9,020	4,495	4,520	82.2	80.6	83.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	865	420	440	7.9	7.5	8.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	3,055	1,530	1,520	27.8	27.4	28.2
Baptist	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	3,820	1,935	1,885	34.8	34.7	34.9
Christian Orthodox	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,020	490	530	9.3	8.8	9.8
Presbyterian	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	180	80	100	1.6	1.4	1.9
Hindu	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	1,855	1,030	825	16.9	18.5	15.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	10,660	5,420	5,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,900	5,045	4,860	92.9	93.1	92.7
Movers	755	375	380	7.1	6.9	7.2
Non-migrants	435	225	215	4.1	4.2	4.1
Migrants	320	155	170	3.0	2.9	3.2
Internal migrants	315	150	165	3.0	2.8	3.1
Intraprovincial migrants	160	75	85	1.5	1.4	1.6
Interprovincial migrants	155	70	80	1.5	1.3	1.5
External migrants	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	9,585	4,860	4,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,525	3,360	3,165	68.1	69.1	67.0
Movers	3,060	1,495	1,565	31.9	30.8	33.1
Non-migrants	2,075	1,015	1,065	21.6	20.9	22.5
Migrants	985	485	500	10.3	10.0	10.6
Internal migrants	965	475	485	10.1	9.8	10.3
Intraprovincial migrants	545	260	290	5.7	5.3	6.1
Interprovincial migrants	410	215	200	4.3	4.4	4.2
External migrants	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,160	3,585	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,480	2,320	2,160	62.6	64.7	60.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,675	1,265	1,410	37.4	35.3	39.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,760	2,400	2,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,890	1,510	1,380	60.7	62.9	58.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,870	885	985	39.3	36.9	41.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,160	3,590	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,085	2,055	2,030	57.1	57.2	56.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,385	665	720	19.3	18.5	20.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,690	870	820	23.6	24.2	23.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,240	685	560	17.3	19.1	15.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	410	350	60	5.7	9.7	1.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	240	200	40	3.4	5.6	1.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	170	150	20	2.4	4.2	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	770	300	470	10.8	8.4	13.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	450	185	265	6.3	5.2	7.4
Bachelor's degree	300	125	175	4.2	3.5	4.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	120	50	65	1.7	1.4	1.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,765	2,400	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,535	1,275	1,260	53.2	53.1	53.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	785	365	415	16.5	15.2	17.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,445	760	690	30.3	31.7	29.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	590	460	21.9	24.6	19.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	355	310	45	7.5	12.9	1.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	205	180	30	4.3	7.5	1.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	135	15	3.0	5.6	0.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	640	250	390	13.4	10.4	16.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	30	20	0.9	1.3	0.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	405	170	235	8.5	7.1	10.0
Bachelor's degree	265	110	155	5.6	4.6	6.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Master's degree	110	50	65	2.3	2.1	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,160	3,590	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,470	2,715	2,750	76.4	75.6	76.9
Education	235	70	170	3.3	1.9	4.8
13. Education	235	70	170	3.3	1.9	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Humanities	60	25	40	0.8	0.7	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
54. History	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	45	100	2.0	1.3	2.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	15	35	0.8	0.4	1.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	10	30	0.5	0.3	0.8
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Business, management and public administration	425	125	300	5.9	3.5	8.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	35	0.7	0.4	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	375	115	265	5.2	3.2	7.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	10	0.6	0.8	0.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	20	10	0.3	0.6	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	360	335	20	5.0	9.3	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	15	20	0	0.2	0.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	60	10	1.0	1.7	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	160	150	0	2.2	4.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	85	0	1.3	2.4	0.0
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	30	10	0.6	0.8	0.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Health and related fields	150	40	110	2.1	1.1	3.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	130	25	105	1.8	0.7	2.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	200	150	50	2.8	4.2	1.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	120	15	1.9	3.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,760	2,395	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,320	1,640	1,675	69.7	68.5	71.0
Education	205	55	145	4.3	2.3	6.1
13. Education	205	55	145	4.3	2.3	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Humanities	50	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	35	85	2.5	1.5	3.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	10	35	0.7	0.4	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.4
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Business, management and public administration	360	110	255	7.6	4.6	10.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	320	95	225	6.7	4.0	9.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	295	15	6.5	12.3	0.6
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	55	10	1.4	2.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	125	125	0	2.6	5.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	75	10	1.7	3.1	0.4
48. Precision production	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	10	0.6	1.0	0.4
Health and related fields	120	35	90	2.5	1.5	3.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	105	20	85	2.2	0.8	3.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	135	40	3.7	5.6	1.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	105	15	2.5	4.4	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,760	2,395	2,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,320	1,640	1,675	69.7	68.5	71.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,445	760	685	30.4	31.7	29.0
Location of study inside Canada	1,315	695	620	27.6	29.0	26.3
Same as province or territory of residence	680	320	365	14.3	13.4	15.5
Different than province or territory of residence	635	380	255	13.3	15.9	10.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	130	60	65	2.7	2.5	2.8
Americas	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
United States of America	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	20	30	1.3	0.8	1.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,160	3,590	3,570	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,125	2,075	2,050	...	...	...
Employed	3,240	1,545	1,695	...	...	...
Unemployed	880	530	355	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,035	1,515	1,530	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.6	57.8	57.4	57.6	57.8	57.4
Employment rate	45.3	43.0	47.5	45.3	43.0	47.5
Unemployment rate	21.3	25.5	17.3	21.3	25.5	17.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,160	3,590	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,370	1,710	1,655	47.1	47.6	46.3
Worked	3,795	1,875	1,915	53.0	52.2	53.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,265	1,105	1,165	31.6	30.8	32.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,530	775	750	21.4	21.6	21.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	39.5	41.5	40.5	39.5	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,120	2,075	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	435	270	165	10.6	13.0	8.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,685	1,810	1,885	89.4	87.2	92.2
Employee	3,590	1,745	1,845	87.1	84.1	90.2
Permanent position	2,510	1,225	1,285	60.9	59.0	62.8
Temporary position	1,085	520	560	26.3	25.1	27.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	245	115	135	5.9	5.5	6.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	840	405	430	20.4	19.5	21.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	95	65	35	2.3	3.1	1.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,120	2,075	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	435	270	165	10.6	13.0	8.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,685	1,810	1,885	89.4	87.2	92.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	55	35	20	1.3	1.7	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	615	135	480	14.9	6.5	23.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	70	10	1.9	3.4	0.5
3 Health occupations	150	25	125	3.6	1.2	6.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	750	205	550	18.2	9.9	26.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	30	55	2.1	1.4	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	960	395	570	23.3	19.0	27.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	840	785	60	20.4	37.8	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	80	10	2.1	3.9	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	55	10	1.5	2.7	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,120	2,075	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	435	270	165	10.6	13.0	8.1
All industries¹⁹¹	3,685	1,810	1,885	89.4	87.2	92.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	25	10	0.8	1.2	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	235	170	65	5.7	8.2	3.2
22 Utilities	115	90	25	2.8	4.3	1.2
23 Construction	160	140	20	3.9	6.7	1.0
31-33 Manufacturing	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
41 Wholesale trade	50	30	25	1.2	1.4	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	515	225	290	12.5	10.8	14.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	200	150	50	4.9	7.2	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	30	20	20	0.7	1.0	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	40	15	25	1.0	0.7	1.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	105	35	3.4	5.1	1.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	25	35	1.6	1.2	1.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	60	35	2.3	2.9	1.7
61 Educational services	470	115	355	11.4	5.5	17.4
62 Health care and social assistance	395	80	320	9.6	3.9	15.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	40	20	1.5	1.9	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	105	30	75	2.5	1.4	3.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	90	55	35	2.2	2.7	1.7
91 Public administration	870	425	445	21.1	20.5	21.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,180	2,070	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,950	1,060	890	46.7	51.2	42.2
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	210	90	120	5.0	4.3	5.7
Indigenous³⁹	210	90	120	5.0	4.3	5.7
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	2,000	915	1,085	47.8	44.2	51.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,180	2,070	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,500	1,770	1,730	83.7	85.5	82.0
Official languages	2,690	1,405	1,290	64.4	67.9	61.1
English	2,690	1,405	1,290	64.4	67.9	61.1
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	815	370	445	19.5	17.9	21.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	815	370	445	19.5	17.9	21.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	815	370	445	19.5	17.9	21.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	815	370	445	19.5	17.9	21.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	675	295	380	16.1	14.3	18.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	675	295	380	16.1	14.3	18.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,180	2,070	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	2,840	1,450	1,390	67.9	70.0	65.9
English	600	280	320	14.4	13.5	15.2
French	10	10	10	0.2	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	725	335	390	17.3	16.2	18.5
Indigenous³⁹	725	335	390	17.3	16.2	18.5
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,240	1,545	1,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	105	50	50	3.2	3.2	2.9
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	305	220	85	9.4	14.2	5.0
Usual place of work	2,825	1,275	1,555	87.2	82.5	91.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,825	1,275	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,620	1,160	1,460	92.7	91.0	93.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	150	85	65	5.3	6.7	4.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	20	25	1.6	1.6	1.6
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,135	1,495	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,545	780	760	49.3	52.2	46.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,130	590	535	36.0	39.5	32.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	415	185	225	13.2	12.4	13.7
Public transit	50	30	20	1.6	2.0	1.2
Walked	1,070	460	610	34.1	30.8	37.1
Bicycle	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.6
Other method	455	215	240	14.5	14.4	14.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,135	1,495	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,820	1,325	1,495	90.0	88.6	90.9
15 to 29 minutes	190	95	100	6.1	6.4	6.1
30 to 44 minutes	45	30	20	1.4	2.0	1.2
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	10	0.6	0.7	0.6
60 minutes and over	55	30	25	1.8	2.0	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,135	1,495	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	35	0	1.3	2.3	0.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120	95	25	3.8	6.4	1.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	485	315	165	15.5	21.1	10.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,840	790	1,050	58.7	52.8	63.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	140	205	11.2	9.4	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	305	115	190	9.7	7.7	11.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,510	2,330	2,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	50	35	1.9	2.1	1.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,425	2,280	2,145	98.1	97.9	98.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,020	1,555	1,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	25	2.0	1.9	1.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	15	10	0.7	1.0	0.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	1.3	1.6	1.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,965	1,525	1,440	98.2	98.1	98.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 8, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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