Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Shawnigan Lake, Unincorporated place (UNP)More information: British Columbia [Designated place]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,908	...	...
Population, 2016¹	3,945	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,569	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,446	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	536.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,910	1,965	1,950
0 to 14 years	670	345	325
0 to 4 years	160	80	80
5 to 9 years	265	125	135
10 to 14 years	245	140	105
15 to 64 years	2,605	1,295	1,315
15 to 19 years	255	135	115
20 to 24 years	155	85	70
25 to 29 years	185	90	90
30 to 34 years	235	120	115
35 to 39 years	295	140	150
40 to 44 years	275	140	135
45 to 49 years	260	135	130
50 to 54 years	275	120	150
55 to 59 years	350	175	175
60 to 64 years	325	145	180
65 years and over	635	325	315
65 to 69 years	265	140	125
70 to 74 years	170	80	90
75 to 79 years	75	40	40
80 to 84 years	60	35	25
85 years and over	60	35	30
85 to 89 years	40	20	20
90 to 94 years	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.6	16.7
15 to 64 years	66.6	65.9	67.4
65 years and over	16.2	16.5	16.2
85 years and over	1.5	1.8	1.5
Average age of the population	41.6	41.2	42.1
Median age of the population	43.2	42.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,450	...	...
Single-detached house	1,335	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...
Row house	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,445	...	...
1 person	255	...	...
2 persons	565	...	...
3 persons	245	...	...
4 persons	255	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,815	1,910	1,905
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,245	1,615	1,625
Married or living common-law	2,095	1,050	1,050
Married	1,660	835	825
Living common-law	435	215	220
Living common law - Never married	290	140	150
Living common law - Separated	20	10	10
Living common law - Divorced	115	60	55
Living common law - Widowed	15	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	1,145	570	580
Not married and not living common law - Never married	755	430	325
Not married and not living common law - Separated	95	40	50
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	205	80	125
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	95	20	75
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,175	...	...
2 persons	625	...	...
3 persons	235	...	...
4 persons	245	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,175	...	...
Total couple families	1,030	...	...
Married couples	815	...	...
With children⁶	415	...	...
Without children	395	...	...
Common-law couples	215	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...
Without children	135	...	...
Total one-parent families	150	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	110	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	40	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,815	1,910	1,905
Total - Persons in census families	3,305	1,665	1,635
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,055	1,025	1,035
Parents in one-parent families	145	35	110
Children⁶	1,100	610	495
In a two-parent family	885	485	400
In a one-parent family	215	120	90
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	510	240	270
Living alone	260	120	135
Living with other relatives⁷	80	30	50
Living with non-relatives only	175	90	85
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,450	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	985	...	...
Couple-family households	875	...	...
With children⁶	430	...	...
Without children	450	...	...
One-parent-family households	105	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	85	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	55	...	...
One-person households	260	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,150	1,565	1,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,520	1,540
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	57,200	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,525	1,540
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	50,000	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,815	1,420	1,400
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	54,800	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,330	1,175	1,155
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	57,600	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,415	1,095	1,320
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	8,900	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	265	125	145
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,200	5,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	780	340	440
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,290	1,635	1,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,190	1,580	1,615
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,100	62,800	47,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,195	1,580	1,615
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	53,000	41,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,910	1,450	1,460
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,800	59,700	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,385	1,200	1,190
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,300	59,900	42,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,560	1,155	1,405
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,980	10,920	11,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	250	105	145
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160	6,800	5,700
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	800	350	450
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,720	8,160	9,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,290	1,635	1,655
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,170	690	480
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	74,000	62,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	76,400	80,000	71,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	945	375	570
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	26,000	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,450	36,600	24,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.0	87.2	79.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.6	72.4	66.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.0	12.7	20.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.7	1.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.5	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	2.9	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,150	1,565	1,580
Without total income	90	40	45
With total income	3,060	1,520	1,540
Under $10,000 (including loss)	260	115	150
$10,000 to $19,999	305	115	190
$20,000 to $29,999	425	170	255
$30,000 to $39,999	340	125	210
$40,000 to $49,999	290	120	170
$50,000 to $59,999	315	160	155
$60,000 to $69,999	260	140	125
$70,000 to $79,999	205	130	75
$80,000 to $89,999	160	105	55
$90,000 to $99,999	135	90	50
$100,000 and over	365	265	105
$100,000 to $149,999	275	195	80
$150,000 and over	90	65	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,150	1,565	1,580
Without after-tax income	85	45	45
With after-tax income	3,065	1,525	1,540
Under $10,000 (including loss)	275	120	155
$10,000 to $19,999	320	115	205
$20,000 to $29,999	470	190	285
$30,000 to $39,999	410	160	250
$40,000 to $49,999	375	175	205
$50,000 to $59,999	340	190	155
$60,000 to $69,999	270	165	105
$70,000 to $79,999	185	125	60
$80,000 to $89,999	145	90	60
$90,000 to $99,999	100	75	30
$100,000 and over	170	125	40
$100,000 to $124,999	95	75	20
$125,000 and over	70	50	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,150	1,565	1,580
Without employment income	820	390	430
With employment income	2,325	1,170	1,150
Under $5,000 (including loss)	290	130	155
$5,000 to $9,999	170	60	115
$10,000 to $19,999	265	95	165
$20,000 to $29,999	200	80	120
$30,000 to $39,999	190	70	120
$40,000 to $49,999	170	60	105
$50,000 to $59,999	200	110	90
$60,000 to $69,999	170	95	75
$70,000 to $79,999	145	95	55
$80,000 to $89,999	135	95	40
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	35
$100,000 and over	265	190	75
$100,000 to $124,999	145	100	45
$125,000 and over	115	90	30
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,150	1,565	1,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,980	1,475	1,505
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	57,200	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,985	1,475	1,505
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	49,200	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,780	1,400	1,375
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	55,200	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,375	1,210	1,165
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	56,000	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,860	755	1,105
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,150	8,700	6,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	205	85	120
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,120	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,290	1,635	1,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,100	1,540	1,560
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,550	63,250	43,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,105	1,540	1,565
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,080	52,600	37,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,885	1,445	1,440
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,450	62,100	40,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,475	1,265	1,215
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,720	58,700	40,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,985	775	1,210
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,790	9,520	8,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	190	80	110
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	7,300	6,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,290	1,635	1,655
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,185	695	490
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	77,000	55,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,600	78,800	61,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	875	345	530
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	32,800	24,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,600	42,400	29,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.4	92.4	85.4
Employment income (%)	74.4	76.4	71.6
Government transfers (%)	10.5	7.6	14.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,445	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	260	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,520	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	115,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	99,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	285	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,445	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	775	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	230	...	...
$200,000 and over	160	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,445	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	650	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...
$150,000 and over	240	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,150	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	480	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	505	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	430	210	220
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	48,800	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	43,200	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,205	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	490	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	435	210	230
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,200	52,400	48,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	44,400	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,820	1,910	1,905
0 to 17 years	820	425	395
0 to 5 years	205	95	110
18 to 64 years	2,390	1,175	1,220
65 years and over	605	315	290
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	220	105	120
0 to 17 years	50	25	20
0 to 5 years	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	125	55	70
65 years and over	50	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.8	5.4	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	6.4	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	x	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.6	5.6
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.2	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,815	1,910	1,905
0 to 17 years	815	420	395
0 to 5 years	205	100	110
18 to 64 years	2,395	1,175	1,220
65 years and over	605	315	290
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	85	40	45
0 to 17 years	10	0	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	70	35	35
65 years and over	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.1	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.0	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.8	3.0
65 years and over (%)	0.8	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,820	1,910	1,905
In bottom half of the distribution	1,475	715	760
In bottom decile	235	110	125
In second decile	250	120	130
In third decile	285	140	140
In fourth decile	325	145	180
In fifth decile	385	200	190
In top half of the distribution	2,345	1,195	1,145
In sixth decile	430	215	210
In seventh decile	490	255	240
In eighth decile	505	250	255
In ninth decile	535	270	265
In top decile	385	215	175
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,815	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.261	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.234	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,880	1,950	1,925
English only	3,555	1,795	1,760
French only	0	0	0
English and French	320	155	165
Neither English nor French	0	0	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,880	1,950	1,925
English	3,840	1,930	1,910
French	25	15	10
English and French	10	0	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,880	1,950	1,925
Single responses	3,835	1,935	1,900
Official languages	3,690	1,875	1,815
English	3,660	1,855	1,805
French	35	20	15
Non-official languages	145	60	80
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	60	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	50	55
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10
Russian	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	30	10	20
German	25	10	20
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	15	25
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,880	1,950	1,925
English	3,715	1,885	1,835
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	15	5	5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	15	5	5
English and French	40	20	25
English and non-official language(s)	95	35	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,880	1,950	1,925
Single responses	3,850	1,945	1,910
Official languages	3,820	1,935	1,890
English	3,820	1,930	1,890
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	30	10	20
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	5	15
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	15
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,875	1,950	1,925
None	3,755	1,895	1,855
English	15	5	10
French	40	20	15
Non-official language	65	25	35
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	25	35
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,000	2,000	2,010
Official languages	4,000	2,000	2,010
English	4,000	2,000	2,010
French	315	135	180
Non-official languages	315	115	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	115	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	275	100	175
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	10
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	55	70
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	60	25	35
German	55	25	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	50	20	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	40	10	25
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	0	20
Indo-Aryan languages	30	0	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	15
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	35	65
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	90	30	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,005	1,995	2,005
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	205	120	90
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	195	110	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	95	60	30
Métis	105	55	50
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	3,795	1,885	1,915
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,005	1,995	2,005
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	25	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,945	1,980	1,970
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,520	...	...
Owner	1,315	...	...
Renter	200	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,520	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...
Not condominium	1,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,520	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	255	...	...
3 bedrooms	630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,520	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	220	...	...
5 rooms	230	...	...
6 rooms	220	...	...
7 rooms	230	...	...
8 or more rooms	620	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,520	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,505	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,520	...	...
Suitable	1,475	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,520	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	330	...	...
1981 to 1990	370	...	...
1991 to 2000	330	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	105	...	...
2011 to 2015	75	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,520	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,420	...	...
Major repairs needed	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,520	...	...
One-maintainer household	585	...	...
Two-maintainer household	810	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	125	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,520	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	125	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...
45 to 54 years	315	...	...
55 to 64 years	375	...	...
65 to 74 years	280	...	...
75 to 84 years	65	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,515	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,215	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	305	...	...
30% to less than 100%	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,520	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	270	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...
Major repairs needed only	65	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,480	...	...
In core need	55	...	...
Not in core need	1,425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	67.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,648	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	695,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	730,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	200	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	37.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,480	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,450	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,005	1,995	2,005
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	10	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	10	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	210	120	90
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	210	120	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	95	50
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	30	40
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,775	1,870	1,910
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,000	2,000	2,005
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,880	1,940	1,940
Canadian citizens aged under 18	850	440	410
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,030	1,500	1,525
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	55	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,000	2,000	2,005
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,665	1,835	1,825
Immigrants⁸¹	305	150	155
Before 1980	140	85	55
1980 to 1990	55	15	40
1991 to 2000	25	0	15
2001 to 2010	20	15	10
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	25	35
2011 to 2015	45	25	20
2016 to 2021	20	0	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	35	10	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	310	150	155
Under 5 years	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	90	50	35
15 to 24 years	80	35	50
25 to 44 years	90	40	45
45 years and over	20	10	15
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	310	150	155
Americas	45	0	45
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	30	0	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	200	115	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	20	20	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	15
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	10
Africa	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	25	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25	20	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	15
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,005	2,000	2,005
First generation¹⁰⁰	410	190	220
Second generation¹⁰¹	750	335	415
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,840	1,470	1,370
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	65	100
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	75	35	40
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	35	20	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	40	15	25
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	30	50
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	0	10
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	65	100
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	0	10
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	40	15	25
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	40	50
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,005	1,995	2,005
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	145	55	90
South Asian	25	10	15
Chinese	10	0	10
Black	40	10	30
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	20	0	15
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,860	1,940	1,915
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,000	2,000	2,005
Canadian	485	255	225
English	1,495	725	765
Irish	815	395	415
Scottish	1,160	560	600
French, n.o.s.¹²²	465	210	255
German	675	320	355
Chinese	35	10	25
Italian	150	85	65
Indian (India)	35	15	15
Ukrainian	215	115	95
Dutch	245	125	120
Polish	195	90	100
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	285	120	165
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	55	30	30
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	55	25
Métis	65	25	35
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	85	75
Russian	70	20	55
Norwegian	230	135	95
Welsh	140	60	80
Portuguese	30	20	10
American	60	15	40
Spanish	20	0	20
Swedish	125	60	70
Hungarian	25	0	25
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10
Jewish	25	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	25	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	20
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	80	35	45
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	10	10
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	95	45	50
Belgian	15	15	0
Haitian	15	15	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	35	25	15
Finnish	75	35	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	20	10
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	45	15	25
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0
Slovak	15	0	15
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	30	10	20
Australian	30	10	25
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	15	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	20	15	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	25	15	10
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,005	1,995	2,005
Buddhist	20	0	15
Christian	1,280	575	700
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	295	145	150
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	175	80	100
Baptist	30	15	20
Catholic	380	165	215
Christian Orthodox	20	10	10
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	30	15	15
Lutheran	15	0	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	15
Presbyterian	20	15	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	190	95	95
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	80	25	55
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	60	25	35
No religion and secular perspectives	2,630	1,390	1,240
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,975	1,985	1,995
Non-movers	3,725	1,870	1,860
Movers	250	115	135
Non-migrants	75	20	55
Migrants	170	95	80
Internal migrants	165	95	70
Intraprovincial migrants	145	85	60
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	15
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,865	1,925	1,940
Non-movers	2,255	1,115	1,140
Movers	1,615	810	805
Non-migrants	325	175	150
Migrants	1,290	635	655
Internal migrants	1,190	595	590
Intraprovincial migrants	1,020	500	515
Interprovincial migrants	170	95	80
External migrants	100	40	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,290	1,635	1,655
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	535	305	230
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,750	1,325	1,420
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,275	1,105	1,170
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	255	160	95
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,020	945	1,070
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,285	1,630	1,655
No certificate, diploma or degree	435	240	200
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	970	520	440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,880	870	1,010
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,300	635	670
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	410	330	80
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	155	90	60
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	255	235	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	745	260	490
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	45	100
Bachelor's degree or higher	580	235	340
Bachelor's degree	380	145	235
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10
Master's degree	120	60	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,275	1,105	1,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	195	115	80
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	580	285	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,505	705	795
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,035	510	525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	315	265	50
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	115	75	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	200	190	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	610	205	405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	75
Bachelor's degree or higher	470	200	270
Bachelor's degree	300	120	180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10
Master's degree	105	55	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,285	1,630	1,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,405	760	645
Education	140	20	115
13. Education	140	20	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	40	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	40	30
Humanities	75	10	60
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	70	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	45	0	40
45. Social sciences	75	35	40
Business, management and public administration	300	85	215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	270	75	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	35	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	30	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	455	440	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	50	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	105	90	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	105	0
48. Precision production	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	55	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
Health and related fields	305	30	275
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	295	30	265
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	65	70
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	10	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,275	1,105	1,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	770	400	370
Education	95	20	75
13. Education	95	20	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	40	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	40	30
Humanities	35	10	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	65	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	45	0	35
45. Social sciences	70	35	45
Business, management and public administration	260	75	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	245	75	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	10	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	30	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	30	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	350	335	20
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	45	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	65	55	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	85	0
48. Precision production	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	40	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	15	20
Health and related fields	235	25	210
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	225	25	200
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	60	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	40	0	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,275	1,105	1,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	770	400	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,505	705	800
Location of study inside Canada	1,375	635	735
Same as province or territory of residence	1,065	515	550
Different than province or territory of residence	315	130	185
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	130	70	65
Americas	45	25	20
United States of America	40	20	15
Mexico	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	30
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	10	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	15	15	0
Australia	15	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,285	1,630	1,655
In the labour force	2,255	1,160	1,095
Employed	2,095	1,045	1,050
Unemployed	160	110	50
Not in the labour force	1,035	475	560
Participation rate	68.6	71.2	66.2
Employment rate	63.8	64.1	63.4
Unemployment rate	7.1	9.5	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,285	1,630	1,655
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,040	495	545
Worked	2,250	1,140	1,110
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,210	715	495
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,040	425	615
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,255	1,160	1,095
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	45	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,195	1,115	1,080
Employee	1,740	870	865
Permanent position	1,500	800	700
Temporary position	245	75	165
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	20	55
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	165	50	115
Self-employed¹⁹²	460	245	210
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,255	1,160	1,095
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	45	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,195	1,115	1,080
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	350	85	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	180	140	45
3 Health occupations	140	15	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	270	65	205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	35	45
6 Sales and service occupations	510	200	305
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	500	450	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	55	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	70	60	10
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,255	1,160	1,095
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	60	45	15
All industries¹⁹¹	2,195	1,115	1,080
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	15	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0
22 Utilities	15	15	0
23 Construction	280	250	30
31-33 Manufacturing	115	105	10
41 Wholesale trade	65	40	25
44-45 Retail trade	215	95	120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	30	40
51 Information and cultural industries	20	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	45	10	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	30	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	165	105	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	105	50	50
61 Educational services	220	60	160
62 Health care and social assistance	290	45	245
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	40	40
72 Accommodation and food services	115	35	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	105	40	60
91 Public administration	205	110	95
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,365	1,215	1,150
English	2,330	1,215	1,120
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	20	0	20
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,365	1,215	1,150
Single responses	2,355	1,215	1,140
Official languages	2,355	1,215	1,140
English	2,355	1,215	1,140
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10
English and French	10	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,365	1,215	1,150
None	2,345	1,215	1,130
English	0	0	0
French	10	0	10
Non-official language	10	0	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,095	1,045	1,045
Worked at home	475	220	260
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	350	230	120
Usual place of work	1,265	600	670
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,265	595	670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	265	105	155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	535	215	325
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	455	265	185
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,620	825	790
Car, truck or van	1,465	760	705
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,370	715	650
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	100	45	55
Public transit	20	10	15
Walked	60	20	40
Bicycle	20	10	10
Other method	50	30	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,620	825	790
Less than 15 minutes	415	150	265
15 to 29 minutes	345	160	185
30 to 44 minutes	375	235	140
45 to 59 minutes	260	155	105
60 minutes and over	220	125	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,620	825	790
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	90	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	380	275	110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	430	205	230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	280	105	180
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200	55	140
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	205	115	90
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	835	435	400
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	40
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	765	400	365
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	665	350	310
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	30
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	20
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	5	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	605	325	280

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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