Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	South-West Oxford, Township (TP)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	7,583^E	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,634^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.7^E	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,708	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,616	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	369.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	7,585	3,900	3,685
0 to 14 years	1,595	820	775
0 to 4 years	475	245	230
5 to 9 years	535	275	255
10 to 14 years	580	295	290
15 to 64 years	4,725	2,435	2,295
15 to 19 years	540	280	255
20 to 24 years	435	215	215
25 to 29 years	375	200	175
30 to 34 years	420	220	200
35 to 39 years	460	240	225
40 to 44 years	465	235	230
45 to 49 years	445	235	215
50 to 54 years	455	245	205
55 to 59 years	565	275	290
60 to 64 years	560	295	270
65 years and over	1,260	645	615
65 to 69 years	490	250	235
70 to 74 years	320	165	155
75 to 79 years	200	105	100
80 to 84 years	150	70	75
85 years and over	105	50	55
85 to 89 years	70	35	35
90 to 94 years	25	15	15
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.0	21.0	21.0
15 to 64 years	62.3	62.4	62.3
65 years and over	16.6	16.5	16.7
85 years and over	1.4	1.3	1.5
Average age of the population	39.4	39.3	39.5
Median age of the population	39.6	39.6	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,620	...	...
Single-detached house	2,480	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...
Row house	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	40	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,615	...	...
1 person	440	...	...
2 persons	995	...	...
3 persons	375	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,565	3,885	3,680
Average household size	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,985	3,080	2,910
Married or living common-law	4,000	2,005	2,000
Married	3,425	1,715	1,710
Living common-law	575	290	290
Living common law - Never married	320	165	155
Living common law - Separated	35	15	20
Living common law - Divorced	195	100	95
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	15
Not married and not living common-law	1,990	1,075	910
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,415	815	600
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	65	40
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	220	125	90
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	245	70	175
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,170	...	...
2 persons	1,045	...	...
3 persons	385	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,175	...	...
Total couple families	1,985	...	...
Married couples	1,695	...	...
With children⁶	935	...	...
Without children	765	...	...
Common-law couples	290	...	...
With children⁶	125	...	...
Without children	165	...	...
Total one-parent families	185	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	125	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	65	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	7,565	3,885	3,675
Total - Persons in census families	6,845	3,470	3,380
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,970	1,985	1,985
Parents in one-parent families	190	65	125
Children⁶	2,685	1,420	1,265
In a two-parent family	2,400	1,260	1,140
In a one-parent family	285	160	125
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	720	420	300
Living alone	440	265	170
Living with other relatives⁷	110	50	55
Living with non-relatives only	170	100	70
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,615	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,940	...	...
Couple-family households	1,815	...	...
With children⁶	965	...	...
Without children	845	...	...
One-parent-family households	125	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	85	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	70	...	...
One-person households	440	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,970	3,070	2,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,800	2,980	2,820
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	50,400	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,800	2,985	2,820
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	44,800	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,390	2,835	2,555
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	45,600	26,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,560	2,460	2,095
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	44,400	26,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,070	2,570	2,495
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,480	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	515	240	280
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,800	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,315	660	655
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,970	3,065	2,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,775	2,975	2,800
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,040	59,350	42,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,775	2,980	2,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,320	49,360	36,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,400	2,850	2,555
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,240	54,200	35,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,560	2,460	2,095
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	48,360	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,090	2,625	2,465
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,860	8,450	11,370
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	520	245	275
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,160	5,120	7,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,415	750	660
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,900	7,720	8,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,970	3,065	2,905
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,255	1,420	830
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	60,000	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,600	63,950	57,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,670	715	955
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	25,800	15,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,680	33,100	21,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.0	87.4	76.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	64.8	67.4	60.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.0	12.6	23.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.7	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.3	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,970	3,065	2,900
Without total income	170	85	80
With total income	5,800	2,980	2,820
Under $10,000 (including loss)	490	190	300
$10,000 to $19,999	720	295	430
$20,000 to $29,999	790	350	445
$30,000 to $39,999	695	320	370
$40,000 to $49,999	665	310	355
$50,000 to $59,999	585	335	255
$60,000 to $69,999	535	310	220
$70,000 to $79,999	370	245	130
$80,000 to $89,999	275	195	85
$90,000 to $99,999	185	115	70
$100,000 and over	485	310	170
$100,000 to $149,999	375	225	145
$150,000 and over	110	85	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,970	3,065	2,900
Without after-tax income	165	85	80
With after-tax income	5,800	2,980	2,820
Under $10,000 (including loss)	520	210	315
$10,000 to $19,999	740	300	440
$20,000 to $29,999	900	390	505
$30,000 to $39,999	845	395	450
$40,000 to $49,999	810	450	365
$50,000 to $59,999	700	415	290
$60,000 to $69,999	450	295	155
$70,000 to $79,999	310	205	110
$80,000 to $89,999	215	125	90
$90,000 to $99,999	100	65	40
$100,000 and over	210	150	60
$100,000 to $124,999	120	85	40
$125,000 and over	85	60	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,970	3,065	2,900
Without employment income	1,410	605	810
With employment income	4,555	2,465	2,095
Under $5,000 (including loss)	730	370	360
$5,000 to $9,999	345	140	205
$10,000 to $19,999	580	230	355
$20,000 to $29,999	355	165	190
$30,000 to $39,999	430	205	225
$40,000 to $49,999	445	250	195
$50,000 to $59,999	410	240	170
$60,000 to $69,999	340	225	120
$70,000 to $79,999	245	185	60
$80,000 to $89,999	180	135	50
$90,000 to $99,999	150	90	60
$100,000 and over	340	235	105
$100,000 to $124,999	195	120	75
$125,000 and over	145	110	35
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,970	3,070	2,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,665	2,915	2,750
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	49,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,665	2,920	2,745
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,600	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,295	2,790	2,500
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	47,200	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,545	2,465	2,080
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	47,200	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,790	2,440	2,355
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,240	1,030	6,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	435	215	225
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,040	5,280	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,970	3,065	2,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,630	2,935	2,690
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,040	55,400	42,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,630	2,935	2,690
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,520	46,400	36,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,280	2,825	2,460
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400	52,500	37,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,555	2,490	2,065
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,360	49,760	33,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,785	2,450	2,335
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,560	5,920	9,270
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	415	185	230
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,840	5,840	9,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,970	3,065	2,905
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,250	1,425	825
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	59,600	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,350	63,300	52,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,580	705	880
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	32,400	19,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,320	39,600	24,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.0	91.0	80.8
Employment income (%)	70.0	76.0	61.1
Government transfers (%)	13.1	8.9	19.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,615	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,180	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,620	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	112,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	95,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	440	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,615	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	165	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	165	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,275	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	290	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	330	...	...
$200,000 and over	265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,615	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	185	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	260	...	...
$150,000 and over	370	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,125	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	855	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	160	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	605	365	245
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,400	50,000	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	43,200	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,135	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	122,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	865	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,055	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	141,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	585	335	250
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,600	61,200	48,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,400	51,000	42,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	7,560	3,885	3,680
0 to 17 years	1,920	980	935
0 to 5 years	570	285	285
18 to 64 years	4,390	2,270	2,130
65 years and over	1,250	640	610
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	625	315	305
0 to 17 years	220	115	110
0 to 5 years	75	30	45
18 to 64 years	300	155	145
65 years and over	105	55	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2	8.1	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.4	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	13.2	11.0	15.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.9
65 years and over (%)	8.4	8.0	8.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	7,565	3,885	3,675
0 to 17 years	1,920	980	940
0 to 5 years	565	285	280
18 to 64 years	4,395	2,265	2,125
65 years and over	1,250	640	610
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	110	110
0 to 17 years	95	45	45
0 to 5 years	30	10	15
18 to 64 years	115	55	60
65 years and over	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.8	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	3.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8
65 years and over (%)	0.9	1.0	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	7,560	3,885	3,680
In bottom half of the distribution	3,505	1,785	1,725
In bottom decile	555	280	275
In second decile	615	305	305
In third decile	750	390	365
In fourth decile	770	395	375
In fifth decile	815	410	405
In top half of the distribution	4,060	2,100	1,955
In sixth decile	865	455	415
In seventh decile	830	430	400
In eighth decile	930	465	465
In ninth decile	890	465	425
In top decile	545	290	255
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	7,565	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.384	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.263	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	7,580	3,895	3,685
English only	7,235	3,755	3,480
French only	0	0	0
English and French	310	125	185
Neither English nor French	40	20	20
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	7,580	3,895	3,685
English	7,485	3,850	3,640
French	55	30	25
English and French	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	35	15	15
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	7,580	3,895	3,685
Single responses	7,475	3,845	3,630
Official languages	6,605	3,390	3,220
English	6,555	3,360	3,200
French	55	30	25
Non-official languages	865	460	410
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	865	455	410
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	825	435	395
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	20
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	705	380	325
Frisian	5	5	0
High German languages	260	140	120
German	205	110	100
Pennsylvania German	45	20	20
Swiss German	10	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	435	235	200
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	375	205	175
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	50	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15
Portuguese	15	10	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0
Hungarian	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	55	55
English and French	25	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	7,580	3,895	3,685
English	6,855	3,520	3,330
French	5	5	0
Non-official language	215	110	105
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	215	110	105
English and French	45	20	20
English and non-official language(s)	450	235	210
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	7,580	3,895	3,685
Single responses	7,505	3,865	3,640
Official languages	7,170	3,695	3,475
English	7,150	3,685	3,465
French	15	10	5
Non-official languages	340	170	165
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	170	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	165	155
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	290	145	140
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	200	105	95
German	160	85	70
Pennsylvania German	40	20	20
Swiss German	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	90	40	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	75	35	40
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	20	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	30	45
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	65	25	40
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	7,580	3,895	3,680
None	7,150	3,670	3,480
English	125	60	65
French	25	15	10
Non-official language	255	145	115
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	255	145	115
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	7,565	3,885	3,680
Official languages	7,475	3,850	3,630
English	7,475	3,850	3,630
French	265	105	155
Non-official languages	1,165	630	535
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,165	630	535
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,090	585	505
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	940	500	435
Frisian	10	0	0
High German languages	385	205	180
German	385	205	180
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	575	305	270
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	515	270	245
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	60	30	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15
Portuguese	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	15
American Sign Language	20	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0
Hungarian	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,565	3,885	3,675
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	130	60	65
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	120	50	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	20	45
Métis	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	7,435	3,825	3,610
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	7,565	3,885	3,675
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	30	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,520	3,860	3,660
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,620	...	...
Owner	2,240	...	...
Renter	380	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,620	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...
Not condominium	2,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,620	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	105	...	...
2 bedrooms	470	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,045	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,620	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	175	...	...
5 rooms	270	...	...
6 rooms	425	...	...
7 rooms	435	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,315	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,620	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,585	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,620	...	...
Suitable	2,550	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,620	...	...
1960 or before	1,125	...	...
1961 to 1980	655	...	...
1981 to 1990	310	...	...
1991 to 2000	195	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...
2011 to 2015	100	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,620	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,465	...	...
Major repairs needed	145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,620	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,070	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,420	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,620	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	300	...	...
35 to 44 years	465	...	...
45 to 54 years	505	...	...
55 to 64 years	570	...	...
65 to 74 years	455	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,360	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	...	...
30% to less than 100%	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,615	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	290	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	120	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,335	...	...
In core need	45	...	...
Not in core need	2,290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,020	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,344	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	627,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,192	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	7,560	3,890	3,675
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	0	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	15	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	170	80	95
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	170	80	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	55	85
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	25	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	7,375	3,805	3,575
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	7,565	3,890	3,680
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	7,370	3,770	3,605
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,905	950	950
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,470	2,820	2,655
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	190	115	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	7,565	3,890	3,680
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,840	3,475	3,370
Immigrants⁸¹	710	410	305
Before 1980	240	150	85
1980 to 1990	120	70	50
1991 to 2000	195	100	95
2001 to 2010	110	60	50
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	35	20
2011 to 2015	40	20	15
2016 to 2021	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	715	410	305
Under 5 years	120	70	55
5 to 14 years	230	135	95
15 to 24 years	150	85	60
25 to 44 years	155	85	70
45 years and over	60	35	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	715	410	305
Americas	130	80	50
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	70	40	35
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	40	30	15
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0
Europe	530	295	235
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	30	15	10
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0
Netherlands	365	200	165
Poland	15	0	15
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	50	35	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	15	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	10	0
Americas	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	7,565	3,885	3,675
First generation¹⁰⁰	745	425	320
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,450	770	680
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,370	2,690	2,680
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	475	260	215
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	325	165	155
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	70	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	245	95	150
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	75	35
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	15	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	475	260	215
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	15	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	15	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	425	220	205
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	7,565	3,885	3,675
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	175	100	80
South Asian	35	20	20
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	50	30	25
Filipino	40	20	20
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	15	15	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	7,390	3,790	3,605
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	7,565	3,885	3,680
Canadian	1,420	700	720
English	2,305	1,130	1,175
Irish	1,060	545	515
Scottish	1,535	750	785
French, n.o.s.¹²²	515	260	245
German	1,110	555	555
Chinese	25	0	25
Italian	125	60	60
Indian (India)	45	10	30
Ukrainian	150	85	70
Dutch	1,815	945	865
Polish	185	90	100
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	220	105	110
Filipino	30	15	20
French Canadian	70	50	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165	90	75
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	95	40	55
Métis	35	20	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	180	105	75
Russian	95	40	55
Norwegian	10	0	10
Welsh	135	80	60
Portuguese	95	50	45
American	50	35	15
Spanish	25	15	10
Swedish	45	25	20
Hungarian	100	65	35
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	20
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	50	35	20
Danish	55	45	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	160	85	80
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	155	90	65
Mennonite	40	25	20
Swiss	110	60	45
Finnish	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	10	15
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	20
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	10
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	105	50	50
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	20
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	15	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	10	10	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	50	35	20
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	10	0	10
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	7,565	3,885	3,675
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	4,985	2,410	2,575
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	825	420	405
Anabaptist	295	155	135
Anglican	315	155	155
Baptist	320	160	160
Catholic	1,130	515	620
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	70	40	25
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0
Lutheran	75	35	45
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	70	35	40
Presbyterian	180	90	90
Reformed	710	360	340
United Church	820	345	475
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	160	85	80
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	15	0	15
No religion and secular perspectives	2,540	1,460	1,080
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	7,480	3,855	3,625
Non-movers	7,065	3,630	3,435
Movers	410	225	190
Non-migrants	145	85	65
Migrants	265	140	120
Internal migrants	260	135	120
Intraprovincial migrants	255	135	120
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	10	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,070	3,630	3,440
Non-movers	5,110	2,610	2,500
Movers	1,960	1,020	930
Non-migrants	300	180	115
Migrants	1,660	840	820
Internal migrants	1,650	835	815
Intraprovincial migrants	1,625	820	800
Interprovincial migrants	35	20	15
External migrants	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,970	3,065	2,905
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,375	785	590
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,595	2,280	2,315
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,780	2,005	1,775
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	550	350	205
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,230	1,655	1,575
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,970	3,070	2,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,260	700	565
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,055	1,025	1,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,650	1,340	1,310
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,055	1,150	905
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	445	375	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	205	150	50
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	240	225	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,540	730	805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	40	25
Bachelor's degree or higher	595	190	405
Bachelor's degree	435	135	300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	0	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10
Master's degree	90	25	60
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,775	2,000	1,775
No certificate, diploma or degree	485	305	180
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,275	685	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,015	1,020	1,000
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,565	895	665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	320	270	55
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	140	100	35
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	185	165	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,205	605	600
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	20	15
Bachelor's degree or higher	455	120	330
Bachelor's degree	350	95	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	70	20	55
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,970	3,070	2,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,320	1,730	1,595
Education	170	30	135
13. Education	170	30	135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	25	10
Humanities	70	15	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	50	30	15
Business, management and public administration	400	105	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	95	230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	25	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	25	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	720	700	25
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	25	25	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	190	170	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	175	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	190	0
48. Precision production	130	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	300	220	80
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	275	210	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	20
Health and related fields	515	70	445
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	40	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	425	35	395
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	75	90
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	10	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	35	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,780	2,005	1,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,760	985	775
Education	95	15	75
13. Education	95	15	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10
Humanities	55	15	40
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15
54. History	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	40	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	35	20	10
Business, management and public administration	325	80	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	255	80	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	570	550	25
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0
14. Engineering	10	10	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	140	125	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	145	0
48. Precision production	115	115	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	160	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	185	150	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	15
Health and related fields	395	60	335
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	35	40
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	320	20	295
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	60	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	30	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	3,780	2,005	1,775
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,760	985	775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,020	1,015	1,000
Location of study inside Canada	1,915	970	945
Same as province or territory of residence	1,885	945	940
Different than province or territory of residence	25	20	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	105	50	55
Americas	35	10	20
United States of America	35	10	20
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	65	35	35
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	40	20	20
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,970	3,070	2,900
In the labour force	4,070	2,245	1,820
Employed	3,750	2,085	1,660
Unemployed	320	160	160
Not in the labour force	1,905	825	1,080
Participation rate	68.2	73.1	62.8
Employment rate	62.8	67.9	57.2
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.1	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,970	3,070	2,900
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,865	820	1,045
Worked	4,105	2,250	1,855
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,370	1,505	865
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,735	745	990
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.6	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,065	2,245	1,820
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	25	35
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,010	2,215	1,790
Employee	3,155	1,660	1,495
Permanent position	2,735	1,505	1,230
Temporary position	420	150	265
Fixed term (1 year or more)	140	50	90
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	280	105	175
Self-employed¹⁹²	855	560	295
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,065	2,245	1,820
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	25	35
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,010	2,215	1,790
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	465	75	390
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	150	130	20
3 Health occupations	275	40	235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	240	60	180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	820	275	550
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,045	935	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	595	410	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	370	285	85
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,065	2,245	1,820
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	25	35
All industries¹⁹¹	4,010	2,215	1,790
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	650	420	225
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	15	0
22 Utilities	15	10	0
23 Construction	385	320	70
31-33 Manufacturing	735	560	175
41 Wholesale trade	145	130	15
44-45 Retail trade	340	130	215
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	240	175	65
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	135	40	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	125	50	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	110	60	50
61 Educational services	200	40	160
62 Health care and social assistance	405	40	360
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	150	25	120
81 Other services (except public administration)	155	100	50
91 Public administration	110	70	40
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,350	2,355	1,995
English	4,165	2,265	1,900
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	60	30	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30
English and French	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	45
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,350	2,355	1,995
Single responses	4,330	2,350	1,985
Official languages	4,230	2,290	1,940
English	4,230	2,290	1,940
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	105	55	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	55	50
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	55	50
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	65	30	35
German	65	30	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,350	2,355	1,995
None	4,245	2,300	1,940
English	45	25	20
French	15	0	10
Non-official language	40	25	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	40	25	20
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,750	2,090	1,660
Worked at home	825	385	435
Worked outside Canada	15	0	0
No fixed workplace address	550	410	145
Usual place of work	2,360	1,285	1,075
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,355	1,285	1,075
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	290	175	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,405	715	690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	665	390	280
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,905	1,690	1,220
Car, truck or van	2,825	1,640	1,185
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,600	1,555	1,040
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	230	90	140
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	40	20	25
Bicycle	0	0	0
Other method	30	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,905	1,690	1,220
Less than 15 minutes	990	515	480
15 to 29 minutes	1,015	580	435
30 to 44 minutes	605	395	205
45 to 59 minutes	190	105	85
60 minutes and over	105	100	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,905	1,690	1,220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	360	245	115
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	765	575	190
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	725	420	300
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	400	130	270
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	235	75	160
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	430	245	185
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,955	1,000	955
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	50	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,845	950	895
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,445	740	705
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	55
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	30	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,350	690	655

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
^E
use with caution. Refer to the 2021 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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