Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Tofino, District municipality (DM)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	2,516	...	...
Population, 2016¹	1,967^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	27.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,205	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	945	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	238.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.56	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	2,515	1,260	1,250
0 to 14 years	320	165	160
0 to 4 years	115	60	55
5 to 9 years	125	65	55
10 to 14 years	85	40	45
15 to 64 years	1,895	950	940
15 to 19 years	80	35	40
20 to 24 years	175	75	95
25 to 29 years	300	145	155
30 to 34 years	290	130	160
35 to 39 years	285	145	140
40 to 44 years	225	135	95
45 to 49 years	180	100	85
50 to 54 years	105	50	60
55 to 59 years	125	75	50
60 to 64 years	125	65	65
65 years and over	300	150	150
65 to 69 years	115	55	60
70 to 74 years	80	35	45
75 to 79 years	60	35	25
80 to 84 years	20	15	10
85 years and over	25	5	15
85 to 89 years	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.7	13.1	12.8
15 to 64 years	75.3	75.4	75.2
65 years and over	11.9	11.9	12.0
85 years and over	1.0	0.4	1.2
Average age of the population	38.5	38.9	38.0
Median age of the population	36.4	37.2	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	945	...	...
Single-detached house	480	...	...
Semi-detached house	80	...	...
Row house	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	90	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	945	...	...
1 person	290	...	...
2 persons	315	...	...
3 persons	150	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,230	1,105	1,125
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	2,195	1,095	1,095
Married or living common-law	1,065	530	535
Married	680	340	340
Living common-law	380	195	190
Living common law - Never married	335	165	170
Living common law - Separated	5	0	5
Living common law - Divorced	45	25	25
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0
Not married and not living common-law	1,130	570	560
Not married and not living common law - Never married	870	440	425
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	25	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	155	90	60
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	50	5	40
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	540	...	...
2 persons	315	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...
4 persons	95	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	535	...	...
Total couple families	470	...	...
Married couples	280	...	...
With children⁶	150	...	...
Without children	130	...	...
Common-law couples	195	...	...
With children⁶	55	...	...
Without children	140	...	...
Total one-parent families	70	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	50	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	15	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	2,225	1,105	1,125
Total - Persons in census families	1,450	710	740
Married spouses or common-law partners	940	470	475
Parents in one-parent families	65	15	55
Children⁶	440	225	215
In a two-parent family	345	175	175
In a one-parent family	90	55	40
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	780	395	385
Living alone	290	155	135
Living with other relatives⁷	40	15	20
Living with non-relatives only	455	225	230
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	945	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	425	...	...
Couple-family households	375	...	...
With children⁶	170	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
One-parent-family households	55	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	135	...	...
One-person households	290	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	1,915	945	970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,885	930	955
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	43,600	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,885	930	955
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	39,200	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,850	915	935
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,000	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,690	830	855
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	33,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,605	755	850
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,900	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	325	160	165
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,000	4,320	3,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	940	440	505
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	1,910	975	935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,890	965	925
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,750	54,200	53,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,890	965	925
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,720	45,400	44,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,845	940	910
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	48,300	44,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,670	855	815
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,880	43,200	40,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,580	775	810
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,970	8,920	10,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	345	150	190
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,180	5,800	4,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	930	430	505
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,400	8,000	8,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	1,910	980	935
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	495	290	205
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	57,600	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,400	67,000	76,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,090	535	565
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	21,400	24,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	30,900	28,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.4	86.8	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.8	70.4	67.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.5	13.2	18.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.7	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.8	7.4	10.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.7	6.6	8.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	1,915	945	970
Without total income	25	10	15
With total income	1,885	935	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	45	50
$10,000 to $19,999	145	75	75
$20,000 to $29,999	345	175	175
$30,000 to $39,999	300	120	185
$40,000 to $49,999	290	125	160
$50,000 to $59,999	200	105	95
$60,000 to $69,999	125	65	55
$70,000 to $79,999	90	50	45
$80,000 to $89,999	75	40	30
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	20
$100,000 and over	170	100	70
$100,000 to $149,999	120	70	45
$150,000 and over	50	30	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	1,915	945	970
Without after-tax income	25	10	15
With after-tax income	1,885	935	955
Under $10,000 (including loss)	110	55	60
$10,000 to $19,999	155	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	420	195	220
$30,000 to $39,999	355	150	210
$40,000 to $49,999	295	150	140
$50,000 to $59,999	170	90	85
$60,000 to $69,999	125	65	60
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	30
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	35
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	20
$100,000 and over	85	55	25
$100,000 to $124,999	50	30	15
$125,000 and over	40	20	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	1,915	945	970
Without employment income	225	110	115
With employment income	1,685	835	855
Under $5,000 (including loss)	155	70	85
$5,000 to $9,999	155	70	90
$10,000 to $19,999	285	140	150
$20,000 to $29,999	245	105	135
$30,000 to $39,999	205	90	115
$40,000 to $49,999	155	85	65
$50,000 to $59,999	130	65	65
$60,000 to $69,999	90	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	70	40	25
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	25
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	20
$100,000 and over	110	70	40
$100,000 to $124,999	60	35	25
$125,000 and over	45	30	20
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	1,915	945	970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,870	920	945
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,000	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,870	920	950
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	35,200	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,800	880	920
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,655	810	845
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	1,250	550	700
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,280	1,020	1,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	190	90	90
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,080	6,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	1,910	975	935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,860	940	920
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,160	52,800	47,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,860	940	920
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,680	43,700	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,750	875	875
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,800	53,700	45,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,620	810	810
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,360	46,600	40,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,295	600	695
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,624	4,380	4,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	175	105	65
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,650	7,000	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	1,910	980	935
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	460	275	180
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	56,000	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,200	65,000	71,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,040	485	555
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	29,000	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,500	35,600	31,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.6	94.8	92.4
Employment income (%)	75.2	75.6	74.8
Government transfers (%)	6.4	5.3	7.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.5	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	945	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	290	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	650	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	945	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	270	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	945	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	95	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	120	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	945	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	95	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	125	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	530	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	745	380	365
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	37,600	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,600	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	550	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	705	375	335
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,500	42,000	47,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,900	36,000	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	2,230	1,105	1,120
0 to 17 years	355	180	175
0 to 5 years	140	70	70
18 to 64 years	1,650	805	840
65 years and over	220	115	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	170	95	75
0 to 17 years	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	115	60	50
65 years and over	25	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.7	8.8	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	10.0	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	12.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	7.8	6.4
65 years and over (%)	11.0	14.0	9.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	2,225	1,105	1,125
0 to 17 years	355	180	175
0 to 5 years	140	70	70
18 to 64 years	1,650	810	840
65 years and over	225	115	105
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	90	55	40
0 to 17 years	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	75	40	35
65 years and over	10	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.6	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.0	4.4
65 years and over (%)	5.0	6.0	4.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	2,230	1,105	1,120
In bottom half of the distribution	1,240	610	625
In bottom decile	255	135	120
In second decile	280	125	155
In third decile	255	130	125
In fourth decile	250	130	120
In fifth decile	195	100	100
In top half of the distribution	990	490	495
In sixth decile	225	115	110
In seventh decile	205	95	115
In eighth decile	215	100	110
In ninth decile	180	90	90
In top decile	160	90	75
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	2,225	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.286	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.367	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	2,515	1,265	1,255
English only	2,165	1,115	1,050
French only	0	0	0
English and French	340	150	200
Neither English nor French	10	5	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	2,515	1,265	1,255
English	2,400	1,205	1,195
French	110	55	60
English and French	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	0	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	2,515	1,265	1,255
Single responses	2,465	1,240	1,225
Official languages	2,295	1,160	1,130
English	2,185	1,115	1,070
French	105	50	60
Non-official languages	170	80	95
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	80	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	5	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	50	65
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	40	15	25
German	40	10	25
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0
Romanian	0	5	5
Spanish	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5
Chinese languages	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25
English and French	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	2,515	1,265	1,255
English	2,245	1,140	1,105
French	15	5	10
Non-official language	30	15	15
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	15	15
English and French	70	35	40
English and non-official language(s)	150	65	80
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	2,515	1,265	1,255
Single responses	2,485	1,255	1,235
Official languages	2,420	1,220	1,200
English	2,385	1,205	1,185
French	35	20	15
Non-official languages	65	30	30
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	65	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	5	0
German	0	5	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	15
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	20
English and French	15	5	10
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	2,515	1,265	1,255
None	2,315	1,170	1,145
English	45	20	25
French	40	15	25
Non-official language	90	45	50
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	95	40	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	2,225	1,130	1,100
Official languages	2,225	1,130	1,100
English	2,220	1,130	1,095
French	415	185	230
Non-official languages	340	195	140
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	195	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	25	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	20	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	285	165	115
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	35	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	35	15
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	25	20	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	55	20	35
German	55	20	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	95	55
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10
Portuguese	15	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	135	85	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10
Chinese languages	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,230	1,125	1,095
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	135	65	70
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	135	65	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	90	55	35
Métis	45	10	35
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	2,095	1,065	1,025
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	2,230	1,125	1,095
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	25	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,175	1,100	1,075
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	945	...	...
Owner	500	...	...
Renter	445	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	945	...	...
Condominium	95	...	...
Not condominium	850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	945	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...
1 bedroom	190	...	...
2 bedrooms	285	...	...
3 bedrooms	240	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	945	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	445	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...
6 rooms	125	...	...
7 rooms	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	945	...	...
One person or fewer per room	920	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	945	...	...
Suitable	865	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	945	...	...
1960 or before	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	205	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...
2006 to 2010	90	...	...
2011 to 2015	65	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	945	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	850	...	...
Major repairs needed	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	945	...	...
One-maintainer household	440	...	...
Two-maintainer household	405	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	945	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	275	...	...
35 to 44 years	205	...	...
45 to 54 years	150	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...
65 to 74 years	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	945	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	745	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	945	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	185	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...
Major repairs needed only	75	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	595	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	910	...	...
In core need	165	...	...
Not in core need	740	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	500	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,990	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	950,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	1,100,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	445	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	2,230	1,130	1,100
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	30	15	10
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	20	15	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	125	55	75
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	120	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	50	50
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,075	1,060	1,015
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	2,225	1,130	1,100
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	2,020	995	1,025
Canadian citizens aged under 18	345	155	185
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,680	835	840
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	210	135	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	2,225	1,130	1,100
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	1,910	930	980
Immigrants⁸¹	220	140	75
Before 1980	60	35	25
1980 to 1990	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	25	15	10
2001 to 2010	40	25	20
2011 to 2021⁸²	90	65	25
2011 to 2015	25	25	0
2016 to 2021	65	45	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	100	60	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	220	145	75
Under 5 years	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	55	35	15
15 to 24 years	25	15	10
25 to 44 years	130	85	50
45 years and over	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	220	145	75
Americas	50	45	10
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	25	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	105	60	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	10	0	10
Germany	15	0	15
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	30	10
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	0
Africa	15	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	25	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	20	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	65	45	25
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	40	25	20
France	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	2,230	1,125	1,095
First generation¹⁰⁰	335	205	125
Second generation¹⁰¹	380	190	185
Third generation or more¹⁰²	1,520	730	785
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	160	110	55
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	75	45	30
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	35	15
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	60	25
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	160	110	55
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	45	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	85	55	30
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	2,230	1,125	1,095
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	130	65	65
South Asian	20	10	10
Chinese	25	0	20
Black	10	10	0
Filipino	40	25	15
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	10	10	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	2,095	1,060	1,040
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	2,225	1,130	1,100
Canadian	280	155	125
English	710	340	375
Irish	420	195	225
Scottish	570	255	315
French, n.o.s.¹²²	260	105	155
German	270	125	145
Chinese	35	10	25
Italian	90	40	50
Indian (India)	20	10	10
Ukrainian	115	50	70
Dutch	150	60	85
Polish	125	55	70
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	70	20
Filipino	35	20	15
French Canadian	15	0	15
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	90	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	55	35	25
Métis	30	0	25
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	60	25	35
Russian	35	20	20
Norwegian	125	50	75
Welsh	60	25	35
Portuguese	35	15	25
American	40	25	15
Spanish	45	25	15
Swedish	45	15	30
Hungarian	25	20	10
Acadian	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	0	0
Jewish	25	20	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	50	30	20
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	50	25	25
Belgian	30	10	20
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10
Finnish	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10
Japanese	20	0	15
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	40	20	15
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	40	25	10
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	20	0	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0
New Zealander	25	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	10	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	2,230	1,125	1,095
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	385	185	200
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	100	45	55
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	75	35	40
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	130	65	65
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	10	10	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	0	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	25	25
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,795	925	875
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	2,200	1,110	1,085
Non-movers	1,600	825	775
Movers	600	285	310
Non-migrants	215	100	115
Migrants	380	190	195
Internal migrants	340	155	185
Intraprovincial migrants	270	125	145
Interprovincial migrants	75	30	40
External migrants	40	30	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	2,135	1,090	1,045
Non-movers	915	485	435
Movers	1,220	605	610
Non-migrants	280	165	115
Migrants	940	440	500
Internal migrants	790	370	420
Intraprovincial migrants	545	265	270
Interprovincial migrants	245	95	150
External migrants	145	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,910	980	935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	145	75	70
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,765	900	865
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,470	765	705
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	45	35
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,390	715	670
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,910	975	930
No certificate, diploma or degree	130	70	65
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	570	335	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,215	575	635
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	685	360	325
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	205	150	60
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	80	40
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	90	70	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	415	185	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	20	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	530	215	310
Bachelor's degree	370	140	230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	100	50	50
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,470	760	705
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	45	30
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	370	240	130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,025	475	550
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580	305	275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	120	40
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	55	25
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	365	165	195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	15	35
Bachelor's degree or higher	445	175	275
Bachelor's degree	330	125	210
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	80	40	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,910	975	930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	700	405	300
Education	35	0	35
13. Education	35	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	50	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	40	50
Humanities	45	30	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	195	70	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	30	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	70	35	35
Business, management and public administration	205	115	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	190	105	80
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	40	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	10	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	10	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	195	150	45
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10
14. Engineering	35	20	15
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	35	20	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0
48. Precision production	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	20	25
Health and related fields	160	25	135
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	130	15	120
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	60	40
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	70	40	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,465	765	710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	445	285	155
Education	30	0	30
13. Education	30	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	45	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	85	40	45
Humanities	45	30	15
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	155	50	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	25	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	60	25	30
Business, management and public administration	190	100	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	95	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	35	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	10	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	10	20
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	160	120	40
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	0
14. Engineering	25	15	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	20	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0
48. Precision production	15	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	10	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	10	30
Health and related fields	130	20	110
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	100	10	95
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	50	30
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	55	30	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,465	765	710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	445	285	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,025	475	545
Location of study inside Canada	850	385	460
Same as province or territory of residence	480	230	255
Different than province or territory of residence	370	160	210
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	175	90	85
Americas	45	10	35
United States of America	40	10	30
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	70	45	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0
Africa	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	20	0	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	25	20	0
Australia	25	15	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	1,910	975	930
In the labour force	1,630	840	790
Employed	1,440	720	715
Unemployed	195	120	75
Not in the labour force	275	135	140
Participation rate	85.3	86.2	84.9
Employment rate	75.4	73.8	76.9
Unemployment rate	12.0	14.3	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	1,910	975	930
Did not work¹⁸⁶	260	115	140
Worked	1,655	860	790
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	505	300	210
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,150	565	585
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.3	37.6	37.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,630	840	795
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,620	840	785
Employee	1,200	605	590
Permanent position	945	475	470
Temporary position	250	130	125
Fixed term (1 year or more)	65	45	20
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	185	85	100
Self-employed¹⁹²	425	235	190
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,630	840	795
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,620	840	785
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	165	45	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	90	60	35
3 Health occupations	105	15	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	20	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	70	55
6 Sales and service occupations	680	325	350
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	260	240	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	15	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,630	840	795
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	10	0	0
All industries¹⁹¹	1,620	840	785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	25	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	155	140	15
31-33 Manufacturing	35	25	15
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	210	100	110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	30	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	15	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	45	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	110	70	40
61 Educational services	80	30	45
62 Health care and social assistance	125	10	110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	15	35
72 Accommodation and food services	455	205	250
81 Other services (except public administration)	55	20	35
91 Public administration	90	65	20
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,720	890	830
English	1,660	850	805
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	60	40	20
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,720	890	830
Single responses	1,720	890	830
Official languages	1,720	890	830
English	1,715	890	830
French	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,720	890	830
None	1,660	850	805
English	0	0	0
French	55	35	20
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,435	720	715
Worked at home	290	130	160
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	195	165	25
Usual place of work	945	420	525
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	950	420	530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	840	375	465
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	45	15	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	30	25
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,140	585	555
Car, truck or van	700	380	320
Car, truck or van - as a driver	685	370	315
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	10	0	0
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	270	115	155
Bicycle	125	80	45
Other method	35	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,140	585	555
Less than 15 minutes	865	450	415
15 to 29 minutes	165	85	80
30 to 44 minutes	50	10	35
45 to 59 minutes	25	0	20
60 minutes and over	35	30	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,140	585	555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	100	75	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	270	155	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	305	130	175
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	335	145	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	120	70	50
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	360	180	180
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	165	155
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	240	120	120
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	5	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	0	0	0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	215	110	105

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 27, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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