Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Catherine, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,347	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	17,047	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,016	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,909	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,851.4	...	...	1,851.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.37	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,350	8,370	8,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,905	1,495	1,410	16.7	17.9	15.7
0 to 4 years	805	425	380	4.6	5.1	4.2
5 to 9 years	1,010	505	505	5.8	6.0	5.6
10 to 14 years	1,090	565	525	6.3	6.8	5.8
15 to 64 years	11,210	5,555	5,655	64.6	66.4	63.0
15 to 19 years	995	525	475	5.7	6.3	5.3
20 to 24 years	865	445	415	5.0	5.3	4.6
25 to 29 years	920	480	440	5.3	5.7	4.9
30 to 34 years	955	475	480	5.5	5.7	5.3
35 to 39 years	1,090	500	595	6.3	6.0	6.6
40 to 44 years	1,310	640	665	7.6	7.6	7.4
45 to 49 years	1,230	610	615	7.1	7.3	6.8
50 to 54 years	1,310	620	690	7.6	7.4	7.7
55 to 59 years	1,350	690	660	7.8	8.2	7.3
60 to 64 years	1,190	585	610	6.9	7.0	6.8
65 years and over	3,230	1,315	1,915	18.6	15.7	21.3
65 to 69 years	920	425	495	5.3	5.1	5.5
70 to 74 years	710	310	395	4.1	3.7	4.4
75 to 79 years	605	245	355	3.5	2.9	4.0
80 to 84 years	480	140	330	2.8	1.7	3.7
85 years and over	520	190	330	3.0	2.3	3.7
85 to 89 years	345	155	190	2.0	1.9	2.1
90 to 94 years	160	25	135	0.9	0.3	1.5
95 to 99 years	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.9	15.7	16.7	17.9	15.7
15 to 64 years	64.6	66.4	63.0	64.6	66.4	63.0
65 years and over	18.6	15.7	21.3	18.6	15.7	21.3
85 years and over	3.0	2.3	3.7	3.0	2.3	3.7
Average age of the population	42.5	40.8	44.1	42.5	40.8	44.1
Median age of the population	43.6	42.0	45.2	43.6	42.0	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,815	...	...	55.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	445	...	...	6.4	...	...
Row house	215	...	...	3.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	275	...	...	4.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,025	...	...	29.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	2.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,910	...	...	27.6	...	...
2 persons	2,375	...	...	34.4	...	...
3 persons	1,170	...	...	16.9	...	...
4 persons	1,005	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	6.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,440	6,870	7,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,340	4,150	4,185	57.8	60.4	55.3
Married	4,675	2,330	2,340	32.4	33.9	30.9
Living common-law	3,665	1,815	1,845	25.4	26.4	24.4
Living common law - Never married	2,950	1,465	1,485	20.4	21.3	19.6
Living common law - Separated	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	600	290	310	4.2	4.2	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	70	40	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	6,105	2,715	3,385	42.3	39.5	44.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,045	2,125	1,915	28.0	30.9	25.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	180	95	90	1.2	1.4	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	890	315	575	6.2	4.6	7.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	985	185	800	6.8	2.7	10.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,430	...	...	49.6	...	...
3 persons	1,135	...	...	23.2	...	...
4 persons	990	...	...	20.2	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	7.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,060	...	...	82.9	...	...
Married couples	2,230	...	...	45.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,145	...	...	23.4	...	...
Without children	1,085	...	...	22.1	...	...
Common-law couples	1,830	...	...	37.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,010	...	...	20.6	...	...
Without children	820	...	...	16.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	840	...	...	17.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	590	...	...	12.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	250	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	16,595	8,175	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,050	7,015	7,035	84.7	85.8	83.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,115	4,035	4,085	48.9	49.4	48.5
Parents in one-parent families	840	255	585	5.1	3.1	6.9
Children⁶	5,095	2,725	2,365	30.7	33.3	28.1
In a two-parent family	3,850	2,035	1,820	23.2	24.9	21.6
In a one-parent family	1,245	695	545	7.5	8.5	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,550	1,160	1,390	15.4	14.2	16.5
Living alone	1,910	845	1,070	11.5	10.3	12.7
Living with other relatives⁷	285	115	170	1.7	1.4	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	355	200	150	2.1	2.4	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,530	...	...	65.6	...	...
Couple-family households	3,800	...	...	55.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,025	...	...	29.3	...	...
Without children	1,780	...	...	25.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	730	...	...	10.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	160	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	1,915	...	...	27.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,690	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,320	6,490	6,830	97.3	97.2	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	51,200	40,800	46,000	51,200	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,335	6,495	6,835	97.4	97.2	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	43,600	36,000	40,000	43,600	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,340	6,130	6,205	90.1	91.8	88.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	46,000	31,800	39,200	46,000	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,495	5,340	5,150	76.7	79.9	73.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,800	37,200	43,200	48,800	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,605	4,790	5,810	77.5	71.7	82.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,900	8,700	11,100	9,900	8,700	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,715	875	840	12.5	13.1	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,860	1,955	1,905	28.2	29.3	27.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	8,000	6,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,695	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,310	6,505	6,805	97.2	97.4	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,500	57,150	46,120	51,500	57,150	46,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,325	6,515	6,810	97.3	97.5	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,760	46,440	39,280	42,760	46,440	39,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,390	6,160	6,230	90.5	92.2	88.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,240	51,800	38,760	45,240	51,800	38,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,495	5,295	5,195	76.6	79.3	74.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,920	52,300	41,400	46,920	52,300	41,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,540	4,815	5,730	77.0	72.1	81.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,880	10,930	12,670	11,880	10,930	12,670
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,655	840	820	12.1	12.6	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,180	6,740	7,620	7,180	6,740	7,620
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,710	1,825	1,885	27.1	27.3	26.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,690	7,260	8,110	7,690	7,260	8,110
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,690	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,525	3,000	2,525	40.4	44.9	36.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	67,000	56,800	61,200	67,000	56,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,600	69,900	60,450	65,600	69,900	60,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,055	1,825	2,225	29.6	27.3	31.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	24,600	18,000	20,000	24,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,080	33,720	25,280	29,080	33,720	25,280
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	85.8	76.8	81.8	85.8	76.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.8	74.6	68.6	71.8	74.6	68.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.2	14.2	23.1	18.2	14.2	23.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	4.0	5.8	4.8	4.0	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.6	4.9	4.2	3.6	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,690	6,680	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	370	190	180	2.7	2.8	2.6
With total income	13,325	6,490	6,830	97.3	97.2	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	785	330	450	5.9	5.1	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,370	505	870	10.3	7.8	12.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,900	750	1,150	14.3	11.6	16.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,590	715	870	11.9	11.0	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	845	895	13.0	13.0	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,505	740	765	11.3	11.4	11.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,260	670	590	9.5	10.3	8.6
$70,000 to $79,999	925	545	385	6.9	8.4	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	740	410	330	5.6	6.3	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	465	295	175	3.5	4.5	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,035	685	350	7.8	10.6	5.1
$100,000 to $149,999	870	580	290	6.5	8.9	4.2
$150,000 and over	165	110	55	1.2	1.7	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,690	6,680	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	355	180	180	2.6	2.7	2.6
With after-tax income	13,335	6,500	6,840	97.4	97.3	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	840	350	485	6.3	5.4	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,470	540	935	11.0	8.3	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,190	895	1,295	16.4	13.8	18.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,180	1,060	1,115	16.3	16.3	16.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,175	1,095	1,080	16.3	16.8	15.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,680	895	780	12.6	13.8	11.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,230	690	540	9.2	10.6	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	700	415	290	5.2	6.4	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	395	245	150	3.0	3.8	2.2
$90,000 to $99,999	210	140	75	1.6	2.2	1.1
$100,000 and over	275	180	90	2.1	2.8	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	185	120	60	1.4	1.8	0.9
$125,000 and over	90	65	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,690	6,680	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,200	1,340	1,860	23.4	20.1	26.5
With employment income	10,495	5,345	5,155	76.7	80.0	73.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,105	530	570	10.5	9.9	11.1
$5,000 to $9,999	705	280	420	6.7	5.2	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,250	505	740	11.9	9.4	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	870	385	485	8.3	7.2	9.4
$30,000 to $39,999	955	455	495	9.1	8.5	9.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,170	570	595	11.1	10.7	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,040	530	515	9.9	9.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	900	500	400	8.6	9.4	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	715	435	285	6.8	8.1	5.5
$80,000 to $89,999	575	330	245	5.5	6.2	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	380	260	120	3.6	4.9	2.3
$100,000 and over	825	560	265	7.9	10.5	5.1
$100,000 to $124,999	530	360	175	5.1	6.7	3.4
$125,000 and over	295	200	95	2.8	3.7	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,690	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,085	6,360	6,725	95.6	95.2	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,400	38,000	44,000	50,400	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,090	6,360	6,730	95.6	95.2	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,800	34,000	38,400	42,800	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,140	6,040	6,100	88.7	90.4	87.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	48,400	33,200	40,400	48,400	33,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,465	5,300	5,160	76.4	79.3	73.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	50,800	37,200	43,200	50,800	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,380	4,045	5,335	68.5	60.6	76.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	4,560	8,300	7,000	4,560	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,600	835	770	11.7	12.5	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,120	3,960	4,480	4,120	3,960	4,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,695	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,040	6,375	6,665	95.2	95.4	95.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000	54,700	43,560	49,000	54,700	43,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,040	6,375	6,665	95.2	95.4	95.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,640	44,480	37,000	40,640	44,480	37,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,115	6,025	6,090	88.5	90.2	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	52,100	39,160	45,600	52,100	39,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,355	5,200	5,155	75.6	77.8	73.5
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	53,700	41,440	47,600	53,700	41,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,385	4,110	5,275	68.5	61.5	75.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,210	8,440	9,810	9,210	8,440	9,810
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,635	820	815	11.9	12.3	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,330	5,560	7,100	6,330	5,560	7,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,690	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,500	2,970	2,525	40.2	44.5	36.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	65,500	51,600	58,000	65,500	51,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,500	68,100	55,950	62,500	68,100	55,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,760	1,700	2,065	27.5	25.4	29.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	30,600	23,400	27,000	30,600	23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,360	39,240	30,360	34,360	39,240	30,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.4	90.0	82.2	86.4	90.0	82.2
Employment income (%)	77.2	80.2	73.6	77.2	80.2	73.6
Government transfers (%)	13.5	10.0	17.8	13.5	10.0	17.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.0	1.6	1.3	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...	45,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	82,500	...	...	82,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,915	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,240	...	...	50,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,200	...	...	42,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	118,100	...	...	118,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	3.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	3.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	535	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	490	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	505	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	450	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	420	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,955	...	...	42.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	980	...	...	14.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	800	...	...	11.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	755	...	...	10.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	420	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	3.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	255	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	330	...	...	4.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	345	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	610	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	645	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	545	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	540	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	495	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,155	...	...	31.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,065	...	...	15.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	565	...	...	8.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	530	...	...	7.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,875	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,795	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,265	1,045	1,220	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	48,000	38,800	43,600	48,000	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	41,200	35,200	38,000	41,200	35,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,800	...	...	97,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,100	...	...	82,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,200	...	...	146,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,320	1,120	1,200	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,720	52,500	45,100	48,720	52,500	45,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,000	43,600	38,600	41,000	43,600	38,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	16,600	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,520	1,810	1,705	21.2	22.1	20.2
0 to 5 years	1,000	525	480	6.0	6.4	5.7
18 to 64 years	10,590	5,240	5,350	63.8	64.1	63.5
65 years and over	2,490	1,125	1,365	15.0	13.8	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,015	420	595	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	175	95	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	450	215	235	...	...	...
65 years and over	390	115	275	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.1	5.2	7.0	6.1	5.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.1	4.8	5.0	5.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	5.2	6.4	5.8	5.2	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.1	4.4	4.3	4.1	4.4
65 years and over (%)	15.7	10.4	20.0	15.7	10.4	20.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	16,595	8,175	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,520	1,815	1,710	21.2	22.2	20.3
0 to 5 years	1,000	520	480	6.0	6.4	5.7
18 to 64 years	10,585	5,235	5,350	63.8	64.0	63.5
65 years and over	2,490	1,125	1,365	15.0	13.8	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	495	240	255	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	50	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	315	160	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	90	30	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.9	2.2	2.6	2.9	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	3.2	2.8	3.0	3.2	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
65 years and over (%)	3.8	2.6	4.6	3.8	2.6	4.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	16,600	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,935	3,750	4,180	47.8	45.9	49.6
In bottom decile	885	385	500	5.3	4.7	5.9
In second decile	1,240	540	700	7.5	6.6	8.3
In third decile	1,595	755	835	9.6	9.2	9.9
In fourth decile	2,035	985	1,045	12.3	12.0	12.4
In fifth decile	2,180	1,085	1,095	13.1	13.3	13.0
In top half of the distribution	8,660	4,425	4,240	52.2	54.1	50.3
In sixth decile	2,205	1,095	1,110	13.3	13.4	13.2
In seventh decile	2,175	1,110	1,065	13.1	13.6	12.6
In eighth decile	1,965	1,000	960	11.8	12.2	11.4
In ninth decile	1,585	830	755	9.5	10.2	9.0
In top decile	735	385	350	4.4	4.7	4.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	16,595	...	...	16,595	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.252	...	...	0.252	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.356	...	...	0.356	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.219	...	...	0.219	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	270	155	120	1.6	1.9	1.4
French only	8,085	3,650	4,430	47.7	44.2	50.8
English and French	8,535	4,400	4,135	50.3	53.3	47.4
Neither English nor French	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,055	525	530	6.2	6.4	6.1
French	15,205	7,360	7,845	89.6	89.2	90.0
English and French	640	330	315	3.8	4.0	3.6
Neither English nor French	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,450	8,005	8,440	97.0	97.0	96.8
Official languages	14,750	7,125	7,620	86.9	86.4	87.4
English	740	360	380	4.4	4.4	4.4
French	14,010	6,770	7,240	82.6	82.1	83.1
Non-official languages	1,695	875	820	10.0	10.6	9.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,695	870	820	10.0	10.5	9.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	135	110	1.4	1.6	1.3
Berber languages	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kabyle	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	185	105	85	1.1	1.3	1.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	185	100	80	1.1	1.2	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Merina	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,195	615	575	7.0	7.5	6.6
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	120	130	1.5	1.5	1.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	245	120	125	1.4	1.5	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	160	75	85	0.9	0.9	1.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	80	45	30	0.5	0.5	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	815	420	395	4.8	5.1	4.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	60	35	20	0.4	0.4	0.2
Portuguese	90	55	40	0.5	0.7	0.5
Romanian	180	95	90	1.1	1.2	1.0
Spanish	485	245	245	2.9	3.0	2.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	85	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	520	245	275	3.1	3.0	3.2
English and French	240	115	130	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	190	90	100	1.1	1.1	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	590	295	295	3.5	3.6	3.4
French	13,500	6,515	6,985	79.6	79.0	80.1
Non-official language	490	250	240	2.9	3.0	2.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	490	250	240	2.9	3.0	2.8
English and French	1,050	515	540	6.2	6.2	6.2
English and non-official language(s)	130	65	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	750	375	375	4.4	4.5	4.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	415	215	210	2.4	2.6	2.4
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,325	7,965	8,365	96.2	96.5	96.0
Official languages	15,355	7,450	7,900	90.5	90.3	90.6
English	870	430	440	5.1	5.2	5.0
French	14,480	7,015	7,460	85.4	85.0	85.6
Non-official languages	980	515	465	5.8	6.2	5.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	980	515	465	5.8	6.2	5.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	780	410	375	4.6	5.0	4.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	105	105	1.3	1.3	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	215	105	105	1.3	1.3	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	155	75	80	0.9	0.9	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dari	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	495	265	235	2.9	3.2	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	130	65	60	0.8	0.8	0.7
Spanish	305	160	145	1.8	1.9	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	65	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	640	285	355	3.8	3.5	4.1
English and French	290	120	170	1.7	1.5	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	230	110	120	1.4	1.3	1.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	16,965	8,250	8,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,110	7,295	7,820	89.1	88.4	89.7
English	670	355	315	3.9	4.3	3.6
French	495	250	245	2.9	3.0	2.8
Non-official language	390	200	195	2.3	2.4	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	385	195	195	2.3	2.4	2.2
English and French	100	65	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	120	55	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	16,550	8,155	8,390	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	8,730	4,530	4,200	52.6	55.4	49.9
French	16,315	8,035	8,280	98.3	98.3	98.3
Non-official languages	2,465	1,220	1,240	14.9	14.9	14.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,440	1,205	1,235	14.7	14.7	14.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	180	190	2.3	2.2	2.3
Berber languages	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kabyle	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	335	160	180	2.0	2.0	2.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	335	160	180	2.0	2.0	2.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	30	30	0.3	0.4	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	35	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Merina	35	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	165	90	80	1.0	1.1	0.9
Haitian Creole	110	60	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,675	820	855	10.1	10.0	10.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	390	170	220	2.4	2.1	2.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	390	170	220	2.4	2.1	2.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	320	135	180	1.9	1.7	2.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	70	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indo-Aryan languages	25	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,230	625	605	7.4	7.6	7.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	160	85	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Portuguese	130	65	75	0.8	0.8	0.9
Romanian	230	130	105	1.4	1.6	1.2
Spanish	790	385	405	4.8	4.7	4.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	110	50	55	0.7	0.6	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Chinese languages	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	310	150	160	1.9	1.8	1.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	285	135	150	1.7	1.7	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	185	80	105	1.1	1.0	1.2
Métis	95	55	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	16,290	8,025	8,260	98.2	98.2	98.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	70	40	0.6	0.9	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,490	8,110	8,380	99.4	99.2	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,080	...	...	73.5	...	...
Renter	1,830	...	...	26.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,220	...	...	17.7	...	...
Not condominium	5,685	...	...	82.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	620	...	...	9.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,985	...	...	28.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,595	...	...	37.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,670	...	...	24.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,880	...	...	27.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,180	...	...	17.1	...	...
6 rooms	900	...	...	13.0	...	...
7 rooms	885	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,065	...	...	29.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,870	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,790	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	120	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	295	...	...	4.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,640	...	...	23.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,360	...	...	19.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,295	...	...	33.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	4.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	400	...	...	5.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	270	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,625	...	...	95.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	280	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,365	...	...	48.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,395	...	...	49.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	155	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	105	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	815	...	...	11.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,385	...	...	20.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,445	...	...	20.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,535	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	960	...	...	13.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	505	...	...	7.3	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,945	...	...	86.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	955	...	...	13.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	890	...	...	12.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,320	...	...	19.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	915	...	...	13.2	...	...
Not suitable only	120	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	240	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,590	...	...	80.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,835	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	290	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not in core need	6,550	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,075	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	73.7	...	...	73.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,290	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,282	...	...	1,282	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	362,000	...	...	362,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,835	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.1	...	...	30.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,043	...	...	1,043	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	16,600	8,175	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	295	130	160	1.8	1.6	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	290	130	155	1.7	1.6	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	255	110	140	1.5	1.3	1.7
Métis single ancestry	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365	180	185	2.2	2.2	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	365	180	185	2.2	2.2	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	150	170	1.9	1.8	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	15,940	7,860	8,080	96.0	96.1	96.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	16,595	8,175	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	16,250	8,025	8,230	97.9	98.2	97.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,465	1,750	1,710	20.9	21.4	20.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,790	6,275	6,515	77.1	76.8	77.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	345	150	190	2.1	1.8	2.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	16,595	8,175	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	14,805	7,325	7,480	89.2	89.6	88.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,740	830	915	10.5	10.2	10.9
Before 1980	140	55	80	0.8	0.7	1.0
1980 to 1990	175	85	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
1991 to 2000	235	130	115	1.4	1.6	1.4
2001 to 2010	630	300	325	3.8	3.7	3.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	565	255	310	3.4	3.1	3.7
2011 to 2015	355	145	205	2.1	1.8	2.4
2016 to 2021	210	105	100	1.3	1.3	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,745	830	915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	60	120	10.0	7.2	13.1
5 to 14 years	330	175	150	18.9	21.1	16.4
15 to 24 years	220	100	125	12.6	12.0	13.7
25 to 44 years	950	460	490	54.4	55.4	53.6
45 years and over	70	35	35	4.0	4.2	3.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,745	830	915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	480	225	255	27.5	27.1	27.9
Brazil	25	0	20	1.4	0.0	2.2
Colombia	80	40	40	4.6	4.8	4.4
El Salvador	20	15	10	1.1	1.8	1.1
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	90	40	50	5.2	4.8	5.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	35	20	20	2.0	2.4	2.2
Peru	60	40	15	3.4	4.8	1.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	150	60	85	8.6	7.2	9.3
Europe	560	275	280	32.1	33.1	30.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	40	40	4.9	4.8	4.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	10	10	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	20	10	1.4	2.4	1.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	10	15	1.4	1.2	1.6
Portugal	40	25	20	2.3	3.0	2.2
Romania	70	40	30	4.0	4.8	3.3
Russian Federation	45	25	25	2.6	3.0	2.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	60	30	30	3.4	3.6	3.3
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	180	75	105	10.3	9.0	11.5
Africa	510	255	250	29.2	30.7	27.3
Algeria	65	30	30	3.7	3.6	3.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	145	55	95	8.3	6.6	10.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	260	150	115	14.9	18.1	12.6
Asia	195	75	125	11.2	9.0	13.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	10	20	1.4	1.2	2.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	25	2.9	2.4	2.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	0	1.4	1.8	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	30	1.7	0.0	3.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	210	105	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	45	30	35.7	42.9	28.6
Brazil	25	0	20	11.9	0.0	19.0
Colombia	30	25	10	14.3	23.8	9.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	7.1	9.5	0.0
Europe	40	15	25	19.0	14.3	23.8
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	80	45	35	38.1	42.9	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	10	0	0	4.8	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	9.5	9.5	9.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	20	23.8	28.6	19.0
Asia	15	0	15	7.1	0.0	14.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,900	920	990	11.4	11.3	11.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,465	770	695	8.8	9.4	8.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,230	6,490	6,740	79.7	79.4	80.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,610	775	835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,080	530	550	67.1	68.4	65.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	470	280	195	29.2	36.1	23.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	605	255	355	37.6	32.9	42.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	335	110	220	20.8	14.2	26.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	185	120	65	11.5	15.5	7.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,610	775	835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	110	85	30	6.8	11.0	3.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	50	55	6.5	6.5	6.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	0	1.2	1.3	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	15	2.5	2.6	1.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,330	600	730	82.6	77.4	87.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,845	915	930	11.1	11.2	11.0
South Asian	65	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Chinese	155	80	75	0.9	1.0	0.9
Black	675	335	335	4.1	4.1	4.0
Filipino	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Arab	280	115	165	1.7	1.4	2.0
Latin American	455	245	210	2.7	3.0	2.5
Southeast Asian	55	30	35	0.3	0.4	0.4
West Asian	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,755	7,260	7,490	88.9	88.8	88.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,670	2,775	2,890	34.2	33.9	34.3
English	260	115	145	1.6	1.4	1.7
Irish	880	420	460	5.3	5.1	5.5
Scottish	370	145	220	2.2	1.8	2.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,455	1,720	1,735	20.8	21.0	20.6
German	260	135	125	1.6	1.7	1.5
Chinese	120	65	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
Italian	655	270	375	3.9	3.3	4.5
Indian (India)	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Ukrainian	160	70	90	1.0	0.9	1.1
Dutch	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Polish	75	35	35	0.5	0.4	0.4
Québécois	2,190	1,065	1,125	13.2	13.0	13.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	35	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
French Canadian	1,245	600	645	7.5	7.3	7.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	180	195	2.2	2.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	215	90	125	1.3	1.1	1.5
Métis	85	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	85	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Russian	115	35	80	0.7	0.4	0.9
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	150	80	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
American	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	180	80	100	1.1	1.0	1.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Acadian	240	120	120	1.4	1.5	1.4
Pakistani	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	130	60	70	0.8	0.7	0.8
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
Greek	80	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.7
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	125	75	50	0.8	0.9	0.6
Lebanese	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Iranian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	160	80	80	1.0	1.0	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	110	50	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haitian	190	90	100	1.1	1.1	1.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Moroccan	115	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	105	60	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Brazilian	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
African Caribbean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.4
Congolese	65	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	110	70	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	60	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	55	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
Guatemalan	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	155	75	80	0.9	0.9	0.9
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Huron (Wendat)	55	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	16,595	8,175	8,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	11,715	5,710	6,005	70.6	69.8	71.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	785	385	400	4.7	4.7	4.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baptist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	10,065	4,915	5,155	60.7	60.1	61.2
Christian Orthodox	430	205	225	2.6	2.5	2.7
Jehovah's Witness	100	50	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	215	115	105	1.3	1.4	1.2
Hindu	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	470	240	230	2.8	2.9	2.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	4,305	2,170	2,130	25.9	26.5	25.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	16,450	8,105	8,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,990	7,430	7,565	91.1	91.7	90.7
Movers	1,460	680	780	8.9	8.4	9.4
Non-migrants	505	255	250	3.1	3.1	3.0
Migrants	955	425	530	5.8	5.2	6.4
Internal migrants	950	425	525	5.8	5.2	6.3
Intraprovincial migrants	920	415	500	5.6	5.1	6.0
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
External migrants	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	15,790	7,725	8,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,925	4,865	5,060	62.9	63.0	62.7
Movers	5,860	2,860	3,005	37.1	37.0	37.3
Non-migrants	1,180	600	580	7.5	7.8	7.2
Migrants	4,685	2,260	2,425	29.7	29.3	30.1
Internal migrants	4,515	2,185	2,325	28.6	28.3	28.8
Intraprovincial migrants	4,455	2,165	2,285	28.2	28.0	28.3
Interprovincial migrants	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
External migrants	170	70	100	1.1	0.9	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,695	6,680	7,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,015	1,565	1,450	22.0	23.4	20.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,675	5,115	5,560	77.9	76.6	79.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,345	4,555	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,400	780	620	15.0	17.1	12.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,945	3,775	4,170	85.0	82.9	87.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,690	6,680	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,670	1,330	1,340	19.5	19.9	19.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,370	1,655	1,715	24.6	24.8	24.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,650	3,695	3,960	55.9	55.3	56.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,460	2,800	2,655	39.9	41.9	37.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,465	1,535	940	18.0	23.0	13.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,730	920	810	12.6	13.8	11.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	740	615	130	5.4	9.2	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,425	1,055	1,375	17.7	15.8	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	565	220	350	4.1	3.3	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,195	890	1,300	16.0	13.3	18.5
Bachelor's degree	1,550	635	915	11.3	9.5	13.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	55	145	1.5	0.8	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Master's degree	405	185	220	3.0	2.8	3.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,345	4,555	4,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,140	610	530	12.2	13.4	11.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,875	955	920	20.1	21.0	19.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,330	2,990	3,345	67.7	65.6	69.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,370	2,220	2,150	46.8	48.7	44.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,975	1,195	780	21.1	26.2	16.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,400	730	665	15.0	16.0	13.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	575	460	115	6.2	10.1	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,920	855	1,070	20.5	18.8	22.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	175	300	5.0	3.8	6.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,960	770	1,190	21.0	16.9	24.8
Bachelor's degree	1,380	545	840	14.8	12.0	17.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	180	45	140	1.9	1.0	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	370	170	200	4.0	3.7	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,690	6,675	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,040	2,985	3,055	44.1	44.7	43.5
Education	520	110	410	3.8	1.6	5.8
13. Education	520	110	410	3.8	1.6	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	120	155	2.0	1.8	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	225	80	145	1.6	1.2	2.1
Humanities	335	110	230	2.4	1.6	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	60	140	1.5	0.9	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	615	125	495	4.5	1.9	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	20	75	0.6	0.3	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	0	175	1.3	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	115	25	85	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	50	0	50	0.4	0.0	0.7
45. Social sciences	155	60	95	1.1	0.9	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,765	585	1,180	12.9	8.8	16.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	45	0.4	0.1	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,710	570	1,135	12.5	8.5	16.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	115	70	1.4	1.7	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	365	255	110	2.7	3.8	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	330	235	95	2.4	3.5	1.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,870	1,695	180	13.7	25.4	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
14. Engineering	300	225	75	2.2	3.4	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	385	335	45	2.8	5.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	375	355	15	2.7	5.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	485	15	3.7	7.3	0.2
48. Precision production	270	255	15	2.0	3.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	100	35	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	920	155	770	6.7	2.3	11.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	870	125	740	6.4	1.9	10.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	695	395	300	5.1	5.9	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	315	80	235	2.3	1.2	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	175	125	45	1.3	1.9	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	180	20	1.5	2.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,345	4,555	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,015	1,565	1,445	32.3	34.4	30.1
Education	405	85	320	4.3	1.9	6.7
13. Education	405	85	320	4.3	1.9	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	85	135	2.4	1.9	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	185	65	120	2.0	1.4	2.5
Humanities	250	70	175	2.7	1.5	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	35	105	1.5	0.8	2.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	110	435	5.8	2.4	9.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	20	70	1.0	0.4	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	155	1.7	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	105	20	85	1.1	0.4	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
45. Social sciences	130	55	75	1.4	1.2	1.6
Business, management and public administration	1,460	450	1,010	15.6	9.9	21.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,405	440	965	15.0	9.7	20.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	90	55	1.5	2.0	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	40	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	330	240	95	3.5	5.3	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	305	225	75	3.3	4.9	1.6
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,545	1,390	160	16.5	30.5	3.3
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	280	220	70	3.0	4.8	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330	285	45	3.5	6.3	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	295	285	15	3.2	6.3	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	405	390	15	4.3	8.6	0.3
48. Precision production	195	190	0	2.1	4.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	30	65	1.0	0.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	20	45	0.7	0.4	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Health and related fields	775	135	645	8.3	3.0	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	725	110	620	7.8	2.4	12.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	560	305	255	6.0	6.7	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	275	65	210	2.9	1.4	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	145	110	35	1.6	2.4	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	125	15	1.6	2.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,345	4,555	4,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,015	1,565	1,445	32.3	34.4	30.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,330	2,985	3,340	67.7	65.5	69.7
Location of study inside Canada	5,725	2,700	3,025	61.3	59.3	63.1
Same as province or territory of residence	5,655	2,675	2,985	60.5	58.7	62.3
Different than province or territory of residence	70	25	45	0.7	0.5	0.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	605	290	315	6.5	6.4	6.6
Americas	150	70	80	1.6	1.5	1.7
United States of America	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexico	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Colombia	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Peru	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Europe	240	125	120	2.6	2.7	2.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	45	30	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	75	35	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Ukraine	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	160	80	80	1.7	1.8	1.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Morocco	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Tunisia	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
Asia	60	15	40	0.6	0.3	0.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,690	6,680	7,015	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,655	4,835	4,825	...	...	...
Employed	9,110	4,585	4,525	...	...	...
Unemployed	545	245	295	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,040	1,845	2,190	...	...	...
Participation rate	70.5	72.4	68.8	70.5	72.4	68.8
Employment rate	66.5	68.6	64.5	66.5	68.6	64.5
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.1	6.1	5.6	5.1	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,690	6,675	7,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,965	1,770	2,195	29.0	26.5	31.3
Worked	9,725	4,910	4,815	71.0	73.6	68.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,575	3,030	2,550	40.7	45.4	36.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,150	1,885	2,265	30.3	28.2	32.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.5	41.8	42.7	43.5	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,650	4,835	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	35	120	1.6	0.7	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,500	4,800	4,705	98.4	99.3	97.6
Employee	8,845	4,405	4,435	91.7	91.1	92.0
Permanent position	7,755	3,925	3,835	80.4	81.2	79.6
Temporary position	1,090	490	605	11.3	10.1	12.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	330	120	210	3.4	2.5	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	755	365	395	7.8	7.5	8.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	660	390	270	6.8	8.1	5.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,650	4,835	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	35	120	1.6	0.7	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,500	4,800	4,705	98.4	99.3	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	90	65	25	0.9	1.3	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,775	505	1,275	18.4	10.4	26.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	740	590	150	7.7	12.2	3.1
3 Health occupations	785	120	670	8.1	2.5	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,120	315	810	11.6	6.5	16.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	190	115	75	2.0	2.4	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	2,405	1,055	1,345	24.9	21.8	27.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,930	1,700	225	20.0	35.2	4.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	55	35	20	0.6	0.7	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	410	300	115	4.2	6.2	2.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,650	4,835	4,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	35	120	1.6	0.7	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	9,500	4,800	4,705	98.4	99.3	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
22 Utilities	85	55	20	0.9	1.1	0.4
23 Construction	705	600	105	7.3	12.4	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,060	755	300	11.0	15.6	6.2
41 Wholesale trade	435	265	175	4.5	5.5	3.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,380	625	760	14.3	12.9	15.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	640	470	170	6.6	9.7	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	185	105	85	1.9	2.2	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	395	140	260	4.1	2.9	5.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	70	95	1.7	1.4	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	590	345	240	6.1	7.1	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	315	175	145	3.3	3.6	3.0
61 Educational services	770	200	565	8.0	4.1	11.7
62 Health care and social assistance	1,240	165	1,070	12.8	3.4	22.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	70	45	1.1	1.4	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	425	190	235	4.4	3.9	4.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	430	210	220	4.5	4.3	4.6
91 Public administration	510	300	205	5.3	6.2	4.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,140	5,105	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	275	165	115	2.7	3.2	2.3
French	6,685	3,290	3,400	65.9	64.4	67.5
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,095	1,610	1,485	30.5	31.5	29.5
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	30	20	0.4	0.6	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,140	5,105	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,565	4,810	4,755	94.3	94.2	94.4
Official languages	9,555	4,805	4,750	94.2	94.1	94.3
English	700	400	300	6.9	7.8	6.0
French	8,855	4,405	4,450	87.3	86.3	88.4
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	580	290	285	5.7	5.7	5.7
English and French	570	290	285	5.6	5.7	5.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,140	5,105	5,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,530	3,745	3,785	74.3	73.4	75.2
English	2,135	1,105	1,030	21.1	21.6	20.5
French	410	225	185	4.0	4.4	3.7
Non-official language	30	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,110	4,585	4,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,510	695	815	16.6	15.2	18.0
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,015	755	260	11.1	16.5	5.7
Usual place of work	6,565	3,120	3,445	72.1	68.0	76.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,565	3,120	3,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	875	435	440	13.3	13.9	12.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,970	760	1,210	30.0	24.4	35.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,710	1,910	1,800	56.5	61.2	52.2
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,585	3,875	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,805	3,585	3,220	89.7	92.5	86.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,545	3,495	3,055	86.3	90.2	82.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	255	90	165	3.4	2.3	4.5
Public transit	365	100	265	4.8	2.6	7.2
Walked	250	100	155	3.3	2.6	4.2
Bicycle	70	55	15	0.9	1.4	0.4
Other method	90	35	55	1.2	0.9	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,585	3,875	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,085	905	1,180	27.5	23.4	31.8
15 to 29 minutes	2,655	1,330	1,325	35.0	34.3	35.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,930	1,130	805	25.4	29.2	21.7
45 to 59 minutes	570	330	235	7.5	8.5	6.3
60 minutes and over	340	180	160	4.5	4.6	4.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,585	3,875	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	880	655	225	11.6	16.9	6.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,570	910	660	20.7	23.5	17.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,040	905	1,135	26.9	23.4	30.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,210	460	750	16.0	11.9	20.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	730	325	405	9.6	8.4	10.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,145	620	525	15.1	16.0	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,585	1,845	1,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	465	245	220	13.0	13.3	12.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,125	1,600	1,520	87.2	86.7	87.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,725	1,400	1,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	185	160	12.7	13.2	12.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	230	125	105	8.4	8.9	7.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	60	55	4.2	4.3	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,380	1,215	1,165	87.3	86.8	87.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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