Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	9330223.01More information: British Columbia [Census tract]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,225	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,964	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,222	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,116	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,560.4	...	...	5,560.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.48	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,160	625	535	14.1	15.7	12.6
0 to 4 years	395	205	185	4.8	5.1	4.4
5 to 9 years	395	215	175	4.8	5.4	4.1
10 to 14 years	375	200	175	4.6	5.0	4.1
15 to 64 years	6,115	2,925	3,190	74.3	73.4	75.2
15 to 19 years	445	215	230	5.4	5.4	5.4
20 to 24 years	515	260	255	6.3	6.5	6.0
25 to 29 years	735	365	370	8.9	9.2	8.7
30 to 34 years	845	415	425	10.3	10.4	10.0
35 to 39 years	700	365	335	8.5	9.2	7.9
40 to 44 years	545	265	280	6.6	6.6	6.6
45 to 49 years	555	230	320	6.7	5.8	7.5
50 to 54 years	605	275	330	7.4	6.9	7.8
55 to 59 years	670	295	370	8.1	7.4	8.7
60 to 64 years	505	235	270	6.1	5.9	6.4
65 years and over	945	435	515	11.5	10.9	12.1
65 to 69 years	365	175	195	4.4	4.4	4.6
70 to 74 years	255	110	145	3.1	2.8	3.4
75 to 79 years	170	80	85	2.1	2.0	2.0
80 to 84 years	90	40	50	1.1	1.0	1.2
85 years and over	60	25	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
85 to 89 years	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
90 to 94 years	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.4
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.7	12.6	14.1	15.7	12.6
15 to 64 years	74.3	73.4	75.2	74.3	73.4	75.2
65 years and over	11.5	10.9	12.1	11.5	10.9	12.1
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.9
Average age of the population	39.2	38.0	40.3	39.2	38.0	40.3
Median age of the population	38.0	36.4	39.6	38.0	36.4	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	185	...	...	5.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	605	...	...	19.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	415	...	...	13.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,270	...	...	40.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...	16.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	710	...	...	22.8	...	...
2 persons	1,010	...	...	32.4	...	...
3 persons	630	...	...	20.2	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...	14.8	...	...
5 or more persons	310	...	...	10.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,220	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,065	3,360	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	4,105	2,050	2,055	58.1	61.0	55.5
Married	3,620	1,805	1,815	51.2	53.7	49.0
Living common-law	485	245	235	6.9	7.3	6.3
Living common law - Never married	415	210	205	5.9	6.3	5.5
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	50	25	25	0.7	0.7	0.7
Living common law - Widowed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not married and not living common-law	2,955	1,310	1,650	41.8	39.0	44.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,180	1,090	1,085	30.9	32.4	29.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	160	65	95	2.3	1.9	2.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	370	120	250	5.2	3.6	6.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	245	30	215	3.5	0.9	5.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,140	...	...	47.5	...	...
3 persons	655	...	...	27.3	...	...
4 persons	455	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,985	...	...	82.7	...	...
Married couples	1,745	...	...	72.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,045	...	...	43.5	...	...
Without children	705	...	...	29.4	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...	10.0	...	...
With children⁶	60	...	...	2.5	...	...
Without children	185	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	415	...	...	17.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	340	...	...	14.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	6,865	3,365	3,495	83.5	84.4	82.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	3,975	1,990	1,980	48.3	49.9	46.7
Parents in one-parent families	415	70	345	5.0	1.8	8.1
Children⁶	2,475	1,305	1,175	30.1	32.7	27.7
In a two-parent family	1,855	975	875	22.6	24.5	20.6
In a one-parent family	620	325	295	7.5	8.2	7.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,360	620	740	16.5	15.6	17.5
Living alone	710	300	410	8.6	7.5	9.7
Living with other relatives⁷	255	90	165	3.1	2.3	3.9
Living with non-relatives only	395	230	165	4.8	5.8	3.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,925	...	...	61.8	...	...
Couple-family households	1,625	...	...	52.2	...	...
With children⁶	905	...	...	29.1	...	...
Without children	715	...	...	23.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	295	...	...	9.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	170	...	...	5.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	1.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	115	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	155	...	...	5.0	...	...
One-person households	710	...	...	22.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	7,060	3,360	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,805	3,250	3,560	96.4	96.7	96.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,600	36,000	38,800	43,600	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,810	3,250	3,560	96.5	96.7	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	33,600	35,600	39,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,945	2,895	3,045	84.2	86.2	82.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,800	29,600	36,000	42,800	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,175	2,580	2,590	73.3	76.8	70.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	47,200	35,600	40,400	47,200	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,735	2,585	3,155	81.2	76.9	85.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,550	6,200	8,700	7,550	6,200	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	750	320	430	10.6	9.5	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,640	5,480	5,480	5,640
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,240	1,060	1,175	31.7	31.5	31.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,500	10,000	10,000	9,500	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	7,060	3,355	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,720	3,225	3,495	95.2	96.1	94.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,880	55,550	42,680	48,880	55,550	42,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,730	3,225	3,505	95.3	96.1	94.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,360	47,080	38,000	42,360	47,080	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,825	2,870	2,955	82.5	85.5	79.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,120	53,650	38,760	46,120	53,650	38,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,170	2,605	2,565	73.2	77.6	69.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,080	53,300	40,720	47,080	53,300	40,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,690	2,570	3,120	80.6	76.6	84.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,520	9,750	11,150	10,520	9,750	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	780	370	420	11.0	11.0	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,840	5,740	7,800	6,840	5,740	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,095	1,155	31.9	32.6	31.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,990	9,940	10,020	9,990	9,940	10,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	7,060	3,360	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,500	1,360	1,135	35.4	40.5	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	71,000	57,200	62,800	71,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,700	78,300	61,500	70,700	78,300	61,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,130	1,005	1,125	30.2	29.9	30.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	16,600	20,800	19,400	16,600	20,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,160	27,800	26,600	27,160	27,800	26,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	86.0	76.6	81.8	86.0	76.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.2	77.6	70.0	74.2	77.6	70.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.2	14.0	23.3	18.2	14.0	23.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.2	2.2	1.6	1.2	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.2	7.1	9.6	8.2	7.1	9.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.8	6.1	7.8	6.8	6.1	7.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	7,060	3,355	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	250	110	140	3.5	3.3	3.8
With total income	6,810	3,245	3,560	96.5	96.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	755	315	445	11.1	9.7	12.5
$10,000 to $19,999	800	370	430	11.7	11.4	12.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,060	455	600	15.6	14.0	16.9
$30,000 to $39,999	895	375	515	13.1	11.6	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	745	320	425	10.9	9.9	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	660	305	355	9.7	9.4	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	470	235	240	6.9	7.2	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	375	200	175	5.5	6.2	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	275	185	95	4.0	5.7	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	205	100	100	3.0	3.1	2.8
$100,000 and over	565	390	180	8.3	12.0	5.1
$100,000 to $149,999	430	280	150	6.3	8.6	4.2
$150,000 and over	140	110	30	2.1	3.4	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	7,060	3,355	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	250	110	140	3.5	3.3	3.8
With after-tax income	6,810	3,245	3,565	96.5	96.7	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	770	315	450	11.3	9.7	12.6
$10,000 to $19,999	825	385	445	12.1	11.9	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,190	520	665	17.5	16.0	18.7
$30,000 to $39,999	995	420	575	14.6	12.9	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	925	420	505	13.6	12.9	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	645	310	340	9.5	9.6	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	490	260	225	7.2	8.0	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	325	195	130	4.8	6.0	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	215	115	100	3.2	3.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	155	95	55	2.3	2.9	1.5
$100,000 and over	270	200	70	4.0	6.2	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	150	110	40	2.2	3.4	1.1
$125,000 and over	115	90	30	1.7	2.8	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	7,060	3,355	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,890	775	1,110	26.8	23.1	30.0
With employment income	5,175	2,580	2,595	73.3	76.9	70.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	570	245	325	11.0	9.5	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	445	195	245	8.6	7.6	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	605	270	335	11.7	10.5	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	435	195	235	8.4	7.6	9.1
$30,000 to $39,999	500	220	280	9.7	8.5	10.8
$40,000 to $49,999	515	240	270	10.0	9.3	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	500	240	260	9.7	9.3	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	385	205	185	7.4	7.9	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	290	165	130	5.6	6.4	5.0
$80,000 to $89,999	255	170	85	4.9	6.6	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	190	105	80	3.7	4.1	3.1
$100,000 and over	485	335	155	9.4	13.0	6.0
$100,000 to $124,999	260	160	95	5.0	6.2	3.7
$125,000 and over	230	170	55	4.4	6.6	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	7,060	3,360	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,590	3,140	3,450	93.3	93.5	93.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,600	32,000	36,000	41,600	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,605	3,145	3,460	93.6	93.6	93.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,600	32,800	37,200	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,870	2,865	3,005	83.1	85.3	81.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	43,600	31,800	37,200	43,600	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,245	2,610	2,635	74.3	77.7	71.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,000	36,000	40,400	46,000	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,410	1,815	2,600	62.5	54.0	70.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,840	960	2,960	1,840	960	2,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	380	160	215	5.4	4.8	5.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,040	6,800	5,480	4,040	6,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	7,060	3,355	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,490	3,130	3,360	91.9	93.3	90.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,640	51,350	38,400	44,640	51,350	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,500	3,135	3,365	92.1	93.4	90.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,360	43,320	33,760	38,360	43,320	33,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,760	2,860	2,895	81.6	85.2	78.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,640	52,800	38,560	45,640	52,800	38,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,290	2,665	2,625	74.9	79.4	70.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,520	53,100	39,800	46,520	53,100	39,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,335	1,770	2,570	61.4	52.8	69.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,210	5,485	6,720	6,210	5,485	6,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455	215	245	6.4	6.4	6.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,320	5,040	7,450	6,320	5,040	7,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	7,060	3,360	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,485	1,360	1,120	35.2	40.5	30.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	63,200	52,800	58,400	63,200	52,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,300	72,400	56,700	65,300	72,400	56,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,050	955	1,095	29.0	28.4	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	30,200	28,200	29,400	30,200	28,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,120	38,000	30,750	34,120	38,000	30,750
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.8	94.0	86.6	90.8	94.0	86.6
Employment income (%)	84.8	88.0	81.2	84.8	88.0	81.2
Government transfers (%)	9.3	6.0	13.4	9.3	6.0	13.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.4	1.0	0.7	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,115	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,000	...	...	44,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	105,400	...	...	105,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,300	...	...	53,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,400	...	...	117,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...	102,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	3.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	3.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	210	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	6.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	215	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...	5.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	45.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...	14.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	325	...	...	10.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...	12.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	2.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	3.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	3.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	240	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	7.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...	36.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	440	...	...	14.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	280	...	...	9.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	425	...	...	13.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,105	525	575	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	44,800	37,600	40,800	44,800	37,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,200	40,400	34,800	37,200	40,400	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,325	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,300	...	...	116,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,400	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...	84,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,080	505	575	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	53,600	64,800	44,000	53,600	64,800	44,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,800	51,200	39,200	44,800	51,200	39,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,220	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,410	740	670	17.2	18.6	15.8
0 to 5 years	475	255	225	5.8	6.4	5.3
18 to 64 years	5,870	2,810	3,055	71.4	70.6	72.1
65 years and over	945	435	515	11.5	10.9	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	950	440	515	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	200	115	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	45	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	560	245	315	...	...	...
65 years and over	190	75	110	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	11.0	12.1	11.6	11.0	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	15.6	13.0	14.4	15.6	13.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	17.5	11.0	14.8	17.5	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.8	10.3	9.6	8.8	10.3
65 years and over (%)	20.0	18.0	21.6	20.0	18.0	21.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,405	740	670	17.1	18.6	15.8
0 to 5 years	475	255	225	5.8	6.4	5.3
18 to 64 years	5,865	2,810	3,055	71.3	70.5	72.1
65 years and over	950	430	515	11.6	10.8	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	580	280	295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	60	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	405	185	215	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	35	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.1	7.1	7.0	7.1	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	8.4	5.6	7.0	8.4	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	9.5	4.5	7.2	9.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.7	7.0	6.8	6.7	7.0
65 years and over (%)	8.4	7.2	9.2	8.4	7.2	9.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	3,875	1,830	2,045	47.1	46.0	48.2
In bottom decile	905	425	475	11.0	10.7	11.2
In second decile	785	365	420	9.5	9.2	9.9
In third decile	715	325	395	8.7	8.2	9.3
In fourth decile	675	320	350	8.2	8.0	8.3
In fifth decile	795	390	410	9.7	9.8	9.7
In top half of the distribution	4,345	2,150	2,195	52.8	54.0	51.8
In sixth decile	845	430	420	10.3	10.8	9.9
In seventh decile	935	450	485	11.4	11.3	11.4
In eighth decile	910	445	465	11.1	11.2	11.0
In ninth decile	945	460	480	11.5	11.6	11.3
In top decile	715	365	350	8.7	9.2	8.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,225	...	...	8,225	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.421	...	...	0.421	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.278	...	...	0.278	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	7,305	3,565	3,740	88.8	89.5	88.2
French only	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	320	165	155	3.9	4.1	3.7
Neither English nor French	595	250	345	7.2	6.3	8.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,565	3,700	3,865	92.0	92.8	91.2
French	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	40	15	30	0.5	0.4	0.7
Neither English nor French	585	250	340	7.1	6.3	8.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,520	3,640	3,885	91.4	91.3	91.6
Official languages	2,595	1,340	1,250	31.6	33.6	29.5
English	2,570	1,320	1,245	31.2	33.1	29.4
French	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-official languages	4,925	2,300	2,630	59.9	57.7	62.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,925	2,300	2,630	59.9	57.7	62.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	1.3	1.4	1.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	110	50	55	1.3	1.3	1.3
Amharic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	45	45	1.0	1.1	1.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	55	70	1.5	1.4	1.7
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	120	55	65	1.5	1.4	1.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	790	340	450	9.6	8.5	10.6
Bikol	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ilocano	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indonesian	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	635	280	355	7.7	7.0	8.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	80	35	40	1.0	0.9	0.9
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
Telugu	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,360	670	685	16.5	16.8	16.2
Albanian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	185	185	4.5	4.6	4.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	365	185	185	4.4	4.6	4.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	10	10	5	0.1	0.3	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Russian	155	80	75	1.9	2.0	1.8
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	145	70	70	1.8	1.8	1.7
Bosnian	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Croatian	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Serbian	70	35	30	0.9	0.9	0.7
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	610	290	320	7.4	7.3	7.5
Indo-Aryan languages	350	160	185	4.3	4.0	4.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Gujarati	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hindi	95	40	55	1.2	1.0	1.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	10	5	0.1	0.3	0.1
Nepali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	65	85	1.8	1.6	2.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	260	130	130	3.2	3.3	3.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Persian languages	210	100	110	2.6	2.5	2.6
Dari	85	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Iranian Persian	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	170	160	4.0	4.3	3.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	105	60	45	1.3	1.5	1.1
Romanian	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	180	90	90	2.2	2.3	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	65	20	45	0.8	0.5	1.1
Korean	170	80	90	2.1	2.0	2.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,110	980	1,130	25.7	24.6	26.7
Chinese languages	2,090	975	1,120	25.4	24.5	26.4
Hakka	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mandarin	1,095	500	595	13.3	12.5	14.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	45	35	1.0	1.1	0.8
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Yue (Cantonese)	880	410	465	10.7	10.3	11.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
Uyghur	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	700	345	355	8.5	8.7	8.4
English and French	20	15	10	0.2	0.4	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	585	295	295	7.1	7.4	7.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	80	35	40	1.0	0.9	0.9
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,880	1,470	1,415	35.0	36.9	33.4
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	1,680	775	905	20.4	19.4	21.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,680	775	905	20.4	19.4	21.3
English and French	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	3,340	1,590	1,750	40.6	39.9	41.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	225	100	125	2.7	2.5	2.9
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,385	3,565	3,820	89.8	89.5	90.1
Official languages	4,065	2,045	2,025	49.4	51.3	47.8
English	4,055	2,035	2,020	49.3	51.1	47.6
French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	3,315	1,525	1,790	40.3	38.3	42.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,315	1,525	1,790	40.3	38.3	42.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	35	0.7	0.8	0.8
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	35	0.7	0.8	0.8
Amharic	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arabic	55	25	25	0.7	0.6	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	480	200	275	5.8	5.0	6.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ilocano	25	5	15	0.3	0.1	0.4
Indonesian	20	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	395	165	225	4.8	4.1	5.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Telugu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	810	390	420	9.8	9.8	9.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	125	120	3.0	3.1	2.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	245	125	120	3.0	3.1	2.8
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	125	65	60	1.5	1.6	1.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	80	40	45	1.0	1.0	1.1
Bosnian	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	380	180	200	4.6	4.5	4.7
Indo-Aryan languages	205	95	110	2.5	2.4	2.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Gujarati	20	5	15	0.2	0.1	0.4
Hindi	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	35	50	1.0	0.9	1.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	170	85	85	2.1	2.1	2.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Parsi	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pashto	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian languages	135	65	70	1.6	1.6	1.7
Dari	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Iranian Persian	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	85	95	2.2	2.1	2.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	85	45	35	1.0	1.1	0.8
Romanian	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Spanish	80	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Korean	125	50	70	1.5	1.3	1.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,595	730	865	19.4	18.3	20.4
Chinese languages	1,575	725	855	19.1	18.2	20.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	855	400	455	10.4	10.0	10.7
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Yue (Cantonese)	665	305	365	8.1	7.7	8.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Uyghur	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	840	415	425	10.2	10.4	10.0
English and French	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	785	390	390	9.5	9.8	9.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	30	0.6	0.6	0.7
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,215	2,575	2,645	63.4	64.6	62.4
English	1,245	570	680	15.1	14.3	16.0
French	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	1,330	635	695	16.2	15.9	16.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,330	635	695	16.2	15.9	16.4
English and French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	205	100	105	2.5	2.5	2.5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	140	65	75	1.7	1.6	1.8
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	7,605	3,730	3,880	92.5	93.6	91.5
English	7,605	3,730	3,880	92.5	93.6	91.5
French	390	200	185	4.7	5.0	4.4
Non-official languages	6,090	2,850	3,240	74.0	71.5	76.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,090	2,850	3,240	74.0	71.5	76.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	130	110	2.9	3.3	2.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	240	130	110	2.9	3.3	2.6
Amharic	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Arabic	215	115	105	2.6	2.9	2.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	20	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	100	120	2.7	2.5	2.8
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Vietnamese	210	100	110	2.6	2.5	2.6
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	1,110	455	660	13.5	11.4	15.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	25	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Ilocano	100	35	60	1.2	0.9	1.4
Indonesian	50	25	25	0.6	0.6	0.6
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,045	425	620	12.7	10.7	14.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	115	55	60	1.4	1.4	1.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Tamil	90	35	50	1.1	0.9	1.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,865	940	930	22.7	23.6	21.9
Albanian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	440	225	215	5.3	5.6	5.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	435	220	215	5.3	5.5	5.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian	210	100	115	2.6	2.5	2.7
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	175	90	85	2.1	2.3	2.0
Bosnian	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Croatian	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Serbian	95	55	40	1.2	1.4	0.9
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	40	25	0.8	1.0	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
German	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	890	465	430	10.8	11.7	10.1
Indo-Aryan languages	545	285	265	6.6	7.2	6.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	55	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hindi	305	160	150	3.7	4.0	3.5
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	20	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Nepali	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	120	135	3.2	3.0	3.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Urdu	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	350	185	165	4.3	4.6	3.9
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	95	40	60	1.2	1.0	1.4
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	55	25	30	0.7	0.6	0.7
Persian languages	230	135	90	2.8	3.4	2.1
Dari	75	40	40	0.9	1.0	0.9
Iranian Persian	125	80	50	1.5	2.0	1.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	215	270	5.9	5.4	6.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	135	65	70	1.6	1.6	1.7
Romanian	60	30	30	0.7	0.8	0.7
Spanish	290	120	170	3.5	3.0	4.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	125	50	75	1.5	1.3	1.8
Korean	210	90	115	2.6	2.3	2.7
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	75	45	30	0.9	1.1	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0.6	0.8	0.4
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,415	1,125	1,290	29.4	28.2	30.4
Chinese languages	2,380	1,110	1,275	28.9	27.9	30.1
Hakka	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mandarin	1,615	740	875	19.6	18.6	20.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	180	95	80	2.2	2.4	1.9
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Yue (Cantonese)	1,235	585	655	15.0	14.7	15.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Burmese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	80	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	55	30	25	0.7	0.8	0.6
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	105	55	50	1.3	1.4	1.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	100	50	50	1.2	1.3	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	70	25	40	0.9	0.6	0.9
Métis	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	8,115	3,925	4,190	98.7	98.6	98.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,200	3,970	4,230	99.7	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,910	...	...	61.3	...	...
Renter	1,205	...	...	38.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,685	...	...	54.1	...	...
Not condominium	1,435	...	...	46.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	815	...	...	26.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,095	...	...	35.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	860	...	...	27.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	330	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,055	...	...	66.0	...	...
5 rooms	495	...	...	15.9	...	...
6 rooms	240	...	...	7.7	...	...
7 rooms	130	...	...	4.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	200	...	...	6.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,845	...	...	91.3	...	...
More than one person per room	270	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,705	...	...	86.8	...	...
Not suitable	410	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...	3.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	220	...	...	7.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	305	...	...	9.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	785	...	...	25.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	315	...	...	10.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	405	...	...	13.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	670	...	...	21.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,975	...	...	95.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	140	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,460	...	...	46.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,370	...	...	44.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	290	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	580	...	...	18.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	625	...	...	20.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	665	...	...	21.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	635	...	...	20.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	405	...	...	13.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	130	...	...	4.2	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,105	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,295	...	...	73.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	810	...	...	26.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	730	...	...	23.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,210	...	...	38.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	675	...	...	21.7	...	...
Not suitable only	295	...	...	9.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	90	...	...	2.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	100	...	...	3.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,905	...	...	61.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	570	...	...	18.9	...	...
Not in core need	2,455	...	...	81.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,910	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	74.6	...	...	74.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.1	...	...	24.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.9	...	...	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,770	...	...	1,770	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	680,000	...	...	680,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	804,000	...	...	804,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.0	...	...	22.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	29.7	...	...	29.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	26.3	...	...	26.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,464	...	...	1,464	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,225	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	45	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	80	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	80	45	40	1.0	1.1	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	30	40	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,090	3,910	4,180	98.4	98.1	98.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,220	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,400	3,185	3,215	77.9	79.9	75.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,270	670	600	15.5	16.8	14.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,130	2,515	2,620	62.4	63.1	61.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,825	795	1,025	22.2	19.9	24.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,220	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	2,875	1,525	1,350	35.0	38.3	31.8
Immigrants⁸¹	4,980	2,265	2,710	60.6	56.8	63.9
Before 1980	290	155	140	3.5	3.9	3.3
1980 to 1990	440	195	235	5.4	4.9	5.5
1991 to 2000	1,230	570	660	15.0	14.3	15.6
2001 to 2010	1,565	695	870	19.0	17.4	20.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,455	650	805	17.7	16.3	19.0
2011 to 2015	590	280	310	7.2	7.0	7.3
2016 to 2021	865	365	500	10.5	9.2	11.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	370	190	180	4.5	4.8	4.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,975	2,265	2,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	265	145	120	5.3	6.4	4.4
5 to 14 years	820	385	440	16.5	17.0	16.2
15 to 24 years	775	370	405	15.6	16.3	14.9
25 to 44 years	2,520	1,090	1,430	50.7	48.1	52.7
45 years and over	600	280	320	12.1	12.4	11.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,975	2,265	2,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	285	130	160	5.7	5.7	5.9
Brazil	65	25	45	1.3	1.1	1.7
Colombia	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
El Salvador	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	65	30	40	1.3	1.3	1.5
Peru	30	20	15	0.6	0.9	0.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	20	20	0.8	0.9	0.7
Other places of birth in Americas	50	30	20	1.0	1.3	0.7
Europe	485	260	225	9.7	11.5	8.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	50	45	1.8	2.2	1.7
Croatia	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
France	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Greece	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Romania	65	30	40	1.3	1.3	1.5
Russian Federation	90	45	45	1.8	2.0	1.7
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Ukraine	55	20	30	1.1	0.9	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	30	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	1.0	1.3	0.7
Africa	200	110	90	4.0	4.9	3.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Egypt	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Eritrea	35	20	10	0.7	0.9	0.4
Ethiopia	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	50	35	1.7	2.2	1.3
Asia	3,940	1,750	2,190	79.2	77.3	80.7
Afghanistan	75	45	30	1.5	2.0	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	110	70	45	2.2	3.1	1.7
Iraq	75	45	30	1.5	2.0	1.1
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	55	10	40	1.1	0.4	1.5
Turkey	20	20	0	0.4	0.9	0.0
China⁹⁰	1,140	480	660	22.9	21.2	24.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	320	140	185	6.4	6.2	6.8
Korea, South⁹²	140	60	80	2.8	2.6	2.9
Taiwan	215	125	95	4.3	5.5	3.5
Philippines	1,035	405	635	20.8	17.9	23.4
Viet Nam	135	60	70	2.7	2.6	2.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	280	150	130	5.6	6.6	4.8
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Sri Lanka	75	30	45	1.5	1.3	1.7
Other places of birth in Asia	255	100	150	5.1	4.4	5.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	65	20	45	1.3	0.9	1.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	865	370	500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	35	55	10.4	9.5	11.0
Brazil	55	20	35	6.4	5.4	7.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	15	3.5	5.4	3.0
Europe	45	20	25	5.2	5.4	5.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	4.0	4.1	4.0
Africa	20	15	0	2.3	4.1	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	15	10	0	1.7	2.7	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	710	300	410	82.1	81.1	82.0
Afghanistan	40	25	15	4.6	6.8	3.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	230	90	145	26.6	24.3	29.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	50	45	11.6	13.5	9.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	0	1.7	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	10	10	2.3	2.7	2.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	15	0	15	1.7	0.0	3.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	145	55	95	16.8	14.9	19.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	55	10	40	6.4	2.7	8.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	4.6	4.1	5.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,445	2,515	2,935	66.2	63.2	69.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,920	1,025	890	23.3	25.8	21.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	860	445	410	10.5	11.2	9.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	4,690	2,110	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,660	1,235	1,425	56.7	58.5	55.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,150	600	545	24.5	28.4	21.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,510	635	875	32.2	30.1	33.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,230	465	765	26.2	22.0	29.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	725	385	345	15.5	18.2	13.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	75	25	50	1.6	1.2	1.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	4,690	2,110	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	195	95	100	4.2	4.5	3.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	420	120	300	9.0	5.7	11.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	140	65	75	3.0	3.1	2.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	415	215	205	8.8	10.2	7.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,500	1,610	1,890	74.6	76.3	73.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	6,365	2,980	3,385	77.4	74.9	79.8
South Asian	680	340	340	8.3	8.5	8.0
Chinese	2,460	1,160	1,300	29.9	29.1	30.7
Black	315	165	150	3.8	4.1	3.5
Filipino	1,235	510	720	15.0	12.8	17.0
Arab	175	100	80	2.1	2.5	1.9
Latin American	190	75	115	2.3	1.9	2.7
Southeast Asian	290	135	155	3.5	3.4	3.7
West Asian	285	155	130	3.5	3.9	3.1
Korean	215	95	120	2.6	2.4	2.8
Japanese	80	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	115	55	55	1.4	1.4	1.3
Multiple visible minorities	335	160	170	4.1	4.0	4.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	1,850	1,000	850	22.5	25.1	20.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,220	3,985	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	290	165	125	3.5	4.1	2.9
English	385	180	210	4.7	4.5	5.0
Irish	245	120	125	3.0	3.0	2.9
Scottish	285	115	165	3.5	2.9	3.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	165	100	65	2.0	2.5	1.5
German	195	95	100	2.4	2.4	2.4
Chinese	2,275	1,055	1,220	27.7	26.5	28.8
Italian	125	55	70	1.5	1.4	1.7
Indian (India)	390	205	180	4.7	5.1	4.2
Ukrainian	200	105	95	2.4	2.6	2.2
Dutch	60	35	20	0.7	0.9	0.5
Polish	115	50	65	1.4	1.3	1.5
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	70	35	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
Filipino	1,140	480	660	13.9	12.0	15.6
French Canadian	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	50	20	30	0.6	0.5	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	20	35	0.7	0.5	0.8
Métis	30	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	75	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Russian	160	100	60	1.9	2.5	1.4
Norwegian	70	40	25	0.9	1.0	0.6
Welsh	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	95	55	40	1.2	1.4	0.9
American	50	30	20	0.6	0.8	0.5
Spanish	165	75	90	2.0	1.9	2.1
Swedish	60	25	35	0.7	0.6	0.8
Hungarian	70	40	35	0.9	1.0	0.8
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	35	15	20	0.4	0.4	0.5
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	100	50	60	1.2	1.3	1.4
Jewish	35	20	20	0.4	0.5	0.5
Punjabi	145	60	85	1.8	1.5	2.0
Vietnamese	240	120	120	2.9	3.0	2.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	60	20	1.0	1.5	0.5
Greek	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	20	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	345	170	180	4.2	4.3	4.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	215	90	120	2.6	2.3	2.8
Romanian	85	40	45	1.0	1.0	1.1
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	130	85	50	1.6	2.1	1.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	25	20	0.5	0.6	0.5
Danish	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austrian	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Belgian	25	20	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Mexican	65	20	50	0.8	0.5	1.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	45	25	25	0.5	0.6	0.6
Croatian	40	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Japanese	90	45	45	1.1	1.1	1.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	50	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
Muslim	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Tamil	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
Icelandic	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Colombian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	120	60	60	1.5	1.5	1.4
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	60	35	25	0.7	0.9	0.6
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	80	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	45	30	20	0.5	0.8	0.5
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	30	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	70	20	45	0.9	0.5	1.1
Nigerian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	230	130	95	2.8	3.3	2.2
Iraqi	40	20	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
Salvadorean	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Peruvian	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.5
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	85	35	45	1.0	0.9	1.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	20	20	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	20	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Fijian	45	20	30	0.5	0.5	0.7
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	35	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,225	3,980	4,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	365	200	165	4.4	5.0	3.9
Christian	3,185	1,400	1,790	38.7	35.2	42.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	745	330	420	9.1	8.3	9.9
Anabaptist	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Anglican	45	20	25	0.5	0.5	0.6
Baptist	115	35	85	1.4	0.9	2.0
Catholic	1,525	685	840	18.5	17.2	19.8
Christian Orthodox	160	80	85	1.9	2.0	2.0
Jehovah's Witness	50	15	40	0.6	0.4	0.9
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	40	25	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	25	15	15	0.3	0.4	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	30	65	1.1	0.8	1.5
Presbyterian	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	45	15	35	0.5	0.4	0.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	245	120	120	3.0	3.0	2.8
Hindu	200	95	105	2.4	2.4	2.5
Jewish	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Muslim	495	275	220	6.0	6.9	5.2
Sikh	245	115	130	3.0	2.9	3.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	40	40	1.0	1.0	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	3,630	1,845	1,785	44.1	46.4	42.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,155	3,945	4,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,095	3,435	3,660	87.0	87.1	87.0
Movers	1,060	510	550	13.0	12.9	13.1
Non-migrants	505	240	265	6.2	6.1	6.3
Migrants	555	270	290	6.8	6.8	6.9
Internal migrants	410	205	205	5.0	5.2	4.9
Intraprovincial migrants	380	190	190	4.7	4.8	4.5
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	150	65	85	1.8	1.6	2.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	7,850	3,790	4,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,570	2,200	2,370	58.2	58.0	58.4
Movers	3,280	1,590	1,685	41.8	42.0	41.5
Non-migrants	1,150	560	595	14.6	14.8	14.7
Migrants	2,130	1,030	1,100	27.1	27.2	27.1
Internal migrants	1,340	660	675	17.1	17.4	16.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,150	560	590	14.6	14.8	14.5
Interprovincial migrants	185	100	90	2.4	2.6	2.2
External migrants	790	370	420	10.1	9.8	10.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,060	3,360	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,000	415	585	14.2	12.4	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,060	2,945	3,115	85.8	87.6	84.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,140	2,450	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	440	200	235	8.6	8.2	8.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,700	2,250	2,450	91.4	91.8	91.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,060	3,355	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	930	370	560	13.2	11.0	15.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,785	920	865	25.3	27.4	23.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,350	2,065	2,280	61.6	61.5	61.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,675	795	880	23.7	23.7	23.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	335	200	135	4.7	6.0	3.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	190	95	95	2.7	2.8	2.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	145	105	45	2.1	3.1	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,050	450	610	14.9	13.4	16.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	145	140	4.0	4.3	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,670	1,275	1,400	37.8	38.0	37.8
Bachelor's degree	1,810	840	970	25.6	25.0	26.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	95	90	2.6	2.8	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	30	0.6	0.3	0.8
Master's degree	570	290	280	8.1	8.6	7.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	40	25	0.9	1.2	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,135	2,450	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	390	175	215	7.6	7.1	8.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,110	565	545	21.6	23.1	20.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,635	1,710	1,930	70.8	69.8	71.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,275	600	675	24.8	24.5	25.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	210	120	90	4.1	4.9	3.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	125	65	65	2.4	2.7	2.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	55	30	1.7	2.2	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	835	365	475	16.3	14.9	17.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	120	115	4.5	4.9	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,360	1,110	1,250	46.0	45.3	46.5
Bachelor's degree	1,560	715	845	30.4	29.2	31.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	85	90	3.3	3.5	3.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.1
Master's degree	540	275	265	10.5	11.2	9.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	20	1.1	1.2	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,060	3,355	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,710	1,295	1,425	38.4	38.6	38.5
Education	145	30	115	2.1	0.9	3.1
13. Education	145	30	115	2.1	0.9	3.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	90	110	2.8	2.7	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	165	60	105	2.3	1.8	2.8
Humanities	270	100	175	3.8	3.0	4.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	75	15	65	1.1	0.4	1.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	35	60	1.3	1.0	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
54. History	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	185	300	6.9	5.5	8.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	55	1.2	0.9	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	0.8	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40	0.8	0.7	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	85	25	55	1.2	0.7	1.5
45. Social sciences	195	105	90	2.8	3.1	2.4
Business, management and public administration	1,020	425	590	14.4	12.7	15.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	985	415	570	14.0	12.4	15.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	115	105	3.1	3.4	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	35	0.8	0.4	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	40	40	1.1	1.2	1.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	90	60	25	1.3	1.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	220	130	5.0	6.6	3.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	200	100	4.2	6.0	2.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	805	660	150	11.4	19.7	4.0
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	15	0.4	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	485	365	115	6.9	10.9	3.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	130	115	10	1.8	3.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	75	70	0	1.1	2.1	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
48. Precision production	45	45	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	10	35	0.6	0.3	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Health and related fields	620	135	485	8.8	4.0	13.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	575	105	470	8.1	3.1	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	95	95	2.6	2.8	2.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	135	55	75	1.9	1.6	2.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,135	2,450	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,500	735	760	29.2	30.0	28.3
Education	110	25	95	2.1	1.0	3.5
13. Education	110	25	95	2.1	1.0	3.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	70	90	3.1	2.9	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	135	55	85	2.6	2.2	3.2
Humanities	215	80	135	4.2	3.3	5.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45	1.1	0.4	1.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	25	50	1.6	1.0	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
54. History	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	440	160	280	8.6	6.5	10.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	55	1.7	1.0	2.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	0.8	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35	1.1	0.8	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	75	15	60	1.5	0.6	2.2
45. Social sciences	180	90	85	3.5	3.7	3.2
Business, management and public administration	860	345	510	16.7	14.1	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830	335	495	16.2	13.7	18.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	90	65	3.0	3.7	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	65	55	15	1.3	2.2	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	195	110	5.9	8.0	4.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	270	185	80	5.3	7.6	3.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	695	555	140	13.5	22.7	5.2
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	445	335	115	8.7	13.7	4.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	105	10	2.2	4.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	55	50	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
48. Precision production	25	25	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Health and related fields	515	115	400	10.0	4.7	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	480	90	390	9.3	3.7	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	70	85	3.0	2.9	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105	40	65	2.0	1.6	2.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,135	2,450	2,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,500	735	760	29.2	30.0	28.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,640	1,710	1,930	70.9	69.8	71.9
Location of study inside Canada	2,040	980	1,065	39.7	40.0	39.7
Same as province or territory of residence	1,790	830	960	34.9	33.9	35.8
Different than province or territory of residence	260	155	105	5.1	6.3	3.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,595	730	865	31.1	29.8	32.2
Americas	225	115	110	4.4	4.7	4.1
United States of America	90	60	30	1.8	2.4	1.1
Mexico	35	0	25	0.7	0.0	0.9
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	75	35	45	1.5	1.4	1.7
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Europe	235	130	105	4.6	5.3	3.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.7
Russian Federation	60	35	25	1.2	1.4	0.9
Ukraine	20	20	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	20	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Africa	20	10	20	0.4	0.4	0.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Asia	1,085	470	615	21.1	19.2	22.9
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iraq	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	280	110	165	5.5	4.5	6.1
Taiwan	55	20	40	1.1	0.8	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	30	15	20	0.6	0.6	0.7
Japan	20	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.7
Korea, South⁹²	45	10	30	0.9	0.4	1.1
Philippines	450	195	255	8.8	8.0	9.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	110	55	55	2.1	2.2	2.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Oceania	25	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.4
Australia	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	7,060	3,355	3,700	...	...	...
In the labour force	4,900	2,505	2,395	...	...	...
Employed	4,380	2,250	2,130	...	...	...
Unemployed	520	255	265	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	2,160	850	1,310	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.4	74.7	64.7	69.4	74.7	64.7
Employment rate	62.0	67.1	57.6	62.0	67.1	57.6
Unemployment rate	10.6	10.2	11.1	10.6	10.2	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	7,060	3,355	3,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,240	885	1,350	31.7	26.4	36.4
Worked	4,820	2,475	2,350	68.3	73.8	63.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,545	1,400	1,150	36.0	41.7	31.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,275	1,070	1,200	32.2	31.9	32.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.8	41.3	41.7	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,900	2,510	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80	2.9	2.6	3.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315	97.1	97.6	96.7
Employee	4,280	2,145	2,135	87.3	85.5	89.1
Permanent position	3,590	1,810	1,785	73.3	72.1	74.5
Temporary position	695	340	355	14.2	13.5	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	255	130	125	5.2	5.2	5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	435	210	230	8.9	8.4	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	475	300	180	9.7	12.0	7.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,900	2,510	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80	2.9	2.6	3.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315	97.1	97.6	96.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,010	310	700	20.6	12.4	29.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	705	525	175	14.4	20.9	7.3
3 Health occupations	375	80	290	7.7	3.2	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	425	125	300	8.7	5.0	12.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	115	60	3.6	4.6	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	1,265	620	650	25.8	24.7	27.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	575	515	60	11.7	20.5	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	125	60	3.8	5.0	2.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,900	2,510	2,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	80	2.9	2.6	3.3
All industries¹⁹¹	4,760	2,450	2,315	97.1	97.6	96.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	15	15	0.7	0.6	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	50	45	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
23 Construction	315	255	60	6.4	10.2	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	315	200	115	6.4	8.0	4.8
41 Wholesale trade	155	100	55	3.2	4.0	2.3
44-45 Retail trade	515	245	275	10.5	9.8	11.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	250	185	70	5.1	7.4	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	270	195	75	5.5	7.8	3.1
52 Finance and insurance	205	85	110	4.2	3.4	4.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	50	45	1.9	2.0	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	535	350	185	10.9	13.9	7.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	15	0.3	0.4	0.6
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	185	105	75	3.8	4.2	3.1
61 Educational services	290	95	190	5.9	3.8	7.9
62 Health care and social assistance	655	110	540	13.4	4.4	22.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	45	15	1.1	1.8	0.6
72 Accommodation and food services	420	205	220	8.6	8.2	9.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	180	60	125	3.7	2.4	5.2
91 Public administration	195	70	120	4.0	2.8	5.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,155	2,645	2,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,465	2,295	2,175	86.6	86.8	86.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	215	120	90	4.2	4.5	3.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	120	90	4.2	4.5	3.6
English and French	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	425	200	230	8.2	7.6	9.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,155	2,645	2,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,065	2,605	2,460	98.3	98.5	98.2
Official languages	4,710	2,410	2,300	91.4	91.1	91.8
English	4,710	2,410	2,300	91.4	91.1	91.8
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official languages	355	195	160	6.9	7.4	6.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	355	195	160	6.9	7.4	6.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	290	150	135	5.6	5.7	5.4
Chinese languages	290	150	135	5.6	5.7	5.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	140	80	65	2.7	3.0	2.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	145	70	70	2.8	2.6	2.8
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	90	40	50	1.7	1.5	2.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	35	50	1.6	1.3	2.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,155	2,645	2,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,745	2,450	2,305	92.0	92.6	92.0
English	95	50	45	1.8	1.9	1.8
French	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Non-official language	215	105	115	4.2	4.0	4.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	105	115	4.2	4.0	4.6
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	30	25	1.2	1.1	1.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,385	2,250	2,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,170	620	550	26.7	27.6	25.8
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	410	300	115	9.4	13.3	5.4
Usual place of work	2,795	1,330	1,460	63.7	59.1	68.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,795	1,330	1,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	980	455	520	35.1	34.2	35.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,785	845	940	63.9	63.5	64.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20	20	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,205	1,630	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,030	1,125	905	63.3	69.0	57.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,820	1,065	755	56.8	65.3	47.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	205	55	145	6.4	3.4	9.2
Public transit	980	420	555	30.6	25.8	35.1
Walked	110	45	70	3.4	2.8	4.4
Bicycle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other method	95	45	50	3.0	2.8	3.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,205	1,630	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	440	200	240	13.7	12.3	15.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,025	525	500	32.0	32.2	31.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,035	550	485	32.3	33.7	30.7
45 to 59 minutes	405	200	210	12.6	12.3	13.3
60 minutes and over	305	155	155	9.5	9.5	9.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,205	1,630	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170	110	65	5.3	6.7	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	510	265	240	15.9	16.3	15.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	630	320	310	19.7	19.6	19.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	760	350	400	23.7	21.5	25.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	630	305	325	19.7	18.7	20.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	510	280	230	15.9	17.2	14.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,445	755	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	80	45	35	5.5	6.0	5.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,365	710	650	94.5	94.0	94.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,015	530	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	35	30	6.9	6.6	6.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	20	4.4	4.7	4.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	10	1.5	1.9	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	945	500	450	93.1	94.3	93.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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