Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021
Residence on or off reserve

Definition

Residence on or off reserve refers to whether the person's usual place of residence is in a census subdivision (CSD) that is defined as 'on reserve' or 'off reserve.'

'On reserve' includes eight CSD types legally affiliated with First Nations or Indian bands, i.e., Indian reserve (IRI), Indian settlement (S‑É) (except for the two Indian settlements of Champagne Landing 10 and Kloo Lake, located in Yukon), Indian government district (IGD), Terres réservées aux Cris (TC), Terres réservées aux Naskapis (TK), Nisga'a land (NL), Tsawwassen Lands (TWL) and Tla'amin Lands (TAL).

'Off reserve' includes all CSDs in Canada not defined as 'on reserve.'

Statistical unit(s)

• Person

Classification(s)

• Residence on or off reserve 2021

Reported in

Not applicable

Reported for

Not applicable

Question number(s)

Not applicable

Responses

Not applicable

Remarks

The definition of residence on reserve includes some census subdivisions for which a First Nation has signed a modern treaty or a self‑government agreement that provides them land ownership.

For additional information on the collection and dissemination of Indigenous data, including incompletely enumerated reserves and settlements, refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2021.

Related 2021 data products

• Indigenous Population Profile, 2021 Census of Population (98-510-X2021001)
• Acceptable housing by tenure: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (98-10-0246-01)
• Acceptable housing by tenure: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations (98-10-0249-01)
• Membership in a First Nation or Indian band by labour force status: Canada, provinces and territories (98-10-0295-01)
• Membership in a First Nation or Indian band by residence on or off reserve: Canada, provinces and territories (98-10-0267-01)
• Shelter-cost-to-income ratio by tenure including presence of mortgage payments and subsidized housing : Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (98-10-0255-01)