Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available.

Census Profile

Data table

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Toronto Central Ontario (Health region, December 2013)			Quebec (Province)
	Change geography 1			Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Population and dwelling counts
Population in 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	7,903,001^†	...Data not available	...Data not available
Population in 2006^{Census data footnote 1}	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	7,546,131^†	...Data not available	...Data not available
2006 to 2011 population change (%)	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	4.7	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,685,926	...Data not available	...Data not available
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,395,343	...Data not available	...Data not available
Population density per square kilometre	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	5.8	...Data not available	...Data not available
Land area (square km)	..Data not available	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,356,547.02	...Data not available	...Data not available
Age characteristics
Total population by age groups^{Census data footnote 4}	1,150,010	557,310	592,700	7,903,000	3,875,860	4,027,140
0 to 4 years	59,560	30,500	29,055	440,840	225,525	215,320
5 to 9 years	51,310	26,170	25,145	399,575	203,675	195,900
10 to 14 years	49,500	25,190	24,315	418,205	213,540	204,665
15 to 19 years	54,860	27,760	27,100	491,980	249,960	242,020
15 years	10,435	5,340	5,095	93,955	47,690	46,265
16 years	10,505	5,350	5,155	96,095	48,880	47,210
17 years	10,480	5,350	5,125	97,795	49,925	47,875
18 years	11,205	5,640	5,560	100,210	50,910	49,305
19 years	12,235	6,080	6,155	103,915	52,545	51,370
20 to 24 years	80,395	38,665	41,730	489,185	246,850	242,340
25 to 29 years	109,245	52,155	57,090	490,665	245,695	244,970
30 to 34 years	105,830	51,720	54,105	531,445	264,980	266,460
35 to 39 years	94,425	46,885	47,540	498,225	249,610	248,615
40 to 44 years	90,375	45,330	45,040	520,805	261,120	259,690
45 to 49 years	90,285	45,645	44,640	623,575	311,320	312,250
50 to 54 years	82,195	40,680	41,515	648,695	320,695	327,995
55 to 59 years	70,130	33,415	36,710	579,280	285,295	293,990
60 to 64 years	60,660	28,840	31,820	512,830	250,675	262,155
65 to 69 years	43,495	20,400	23,100	403,210	194,305	208,905
70 to 74 years	34,090	15,155	18,940	291,755	135,830	155,925
75 to 79 years	28,110	12,240	15,870	232,355	101,675	130,680
80 to 84 years	22,805	9,155	13,645	176,420	69,170	107,250
85 years and over	22,745	7,400	15,345	153,945	45,945	108,005
Median age of the population^{Census data footnote 5}	38.3	37.8	38.9	41.9	40.7	43.0
% of the population aged 15 and over	86.1	85.3	86.8	84.1	83.4	84.7
Marital status
Total population 15 years and over by marital status^{Census data footnote 6}	989,635	475,445	514,185	6,644,380	3,233,120	3,411,260
Married or living with a common-law partner	478,765	241,815	236,950	3,745,320	1,875,415	1,869,905
Married (and not separated)	390,020	195,245	194,775	2,353,770	1,177,720	1,176,050
Living common law	88,740	46,570	42,170	1,391,550	697,695	693,850
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	510,870	233,630	277,240	2,899,060	1,357,705	1,541,360
Single (never legally married)	362,895	185,765	177,130	1,942,090	1,045,540	896,545
Separated	30,585	13,105	17,480	105,195	46,465	58,720
Divorced	67,685	25,725	41,960	463,830	188,265	275,565
Widowed	49,710	9,045	40,670	387,945	77,430	310,515
Family characteristics
Total number of census families in private households^{Census data footnote 7}	285,430	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,203,630	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 2 persons	148,005	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,158,055	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 3 persons	64,520	...Data not available	...Data not available	473,495	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 4 persons	52,515	...Data not available	...Data not available	407,400	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 5 or more persons	20,390	...Data not available	...Data not available	164,680	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of census families in private households^{Census data footnote 8}	285,430	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,203,630	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total couple families by family structure and number of children	230,780	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,838,120	...Data not available	...Data not available
Married couples	186,485	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,143,365	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children at home	78,515	...Data not available	...Data not available	596,140	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children at home	107,970	...Data not available	...Data not available	547,225	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	44,570	...Data not available	...Data not available	216,230	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	45,455	...Data not available	...Data not available	226,985	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	17,940	...Data not available	...Data not available	104,010	...Data not available	...Data not available
Common-law couples	44,300	...Data not available	...Data not available	694,750	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children at home	34,400	...Data not available	...Data not available	334,250	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children at home	9,895	...Data not available	...Data not available	360,500	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	5,520	...Data not available	...Data not available	152,120	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	3,275	...Data not available	...Data not available	155,020	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	1,105	...Data not available	...Data not available	53,360	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent and number of children	54,650	...Data not available	...Data not available	365,515	...Data not available	...Data not available
Female parent	45,675	...Data not available	...Data not available	277,930	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	28,900	...Data not available	...Data not available	169,760	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	12,215	...Data not available	...Data not available	81,365	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	4,555	...Data not available	...Data not available	26,810	...Data not available	...Data not available
Male parent	8,970	...Data not available	...Data not available	87,580	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	6,185	...Data not available	...Data not available	57,910	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	2,215	...Data not available	...Data not available	23,780	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	575	...Data not available	...Data not available	5,900	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total children in census families in private households	292,650	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,201,800	...Data not available	...Data not available
Under six years of age	69,925	...Data not available	...Data not available	520,710	...Data not available	...Data not available
6 to 14 years	89,210	...Data not available	...Data not available	728,240	...Data not available	...Data not available
15 to 17 years	30,215	...Data not available	...Data not available	279,620	...Data not available	...Data not available
18 to 24 years	58,090	...Data not available	...Data not available	453,250	...Data not available	...Data not available
25 years and over	45,210	...Data not available	...Data not available	219,980	...Data not available	...Data not available
Average number of children at home per census family	1.0	...Data not available	...Data not available	1.0	...Data not available	...Data not available
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total number of persons in private households	1,127,650	546,030	581,620	7,732,835	3,812,190	3,920,640
Number of persons not in census families	318,785	149,510	169,280	1,489,290	717,115	772,170
Living with relatives^{Census data footnote 9}	30,135	11,835	18,300	145,795	64,175	81,615
Living with non-relatives only	80,310	42,255	38,060	249,085	141,300	107,785
Living alone	208,340	95,425	112,920	1,094,410	511,640	582,770
Number of census family persons	808,860	396,515	412,345	6,243,545	3,095,075	3,148,470
Average number of persons per census family	2.8	...Data not available	...Data not available	2.8	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of persons aged 65 years and over in private households	140,690	60,860	79,830	1,128,815	510,045	618,775
Number of persons not in census families aged 65 years and over	59,700	18,105	41,590	413,235	124,645	288,590
Living with relatives^{Census data footnote 9}	7,860	1,740	6,115	45,530	11,850	33,680
Living with non-relatives only	3,910	1,835	2,080	24,935	11,985	12,950
Living alone	47,930	14,530	33,400	342,775	100,810	241,965
Number of census family persons aged 65 years and over	80,995	42,755	38,240	715,580	385,395	330,185
Total number of private households by household type^{Census data footnote 10}	522,945	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,395,340	...Data not available	...Data not available
Census-family households	277,405	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,174,255	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-family-only households^{Census data footnote 11}	249,570	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,050,840	...Data not available	...Data not available
Couple-family households^{Census data footnote 12}	205,700	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,738,280	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children	101,610	...Data not available	...Data not available	880,690	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children	104,090	...Data not available	...Data not available	857,590	...Data not available	...Data not available
Lone-parent-family households	43,875	...Data not available	...Data not available	312,555	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other family households^{Census data footnote 13}	27,840	...Data not available	...Data not available	123,420	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-family households with persons not in a census family	20,265	...Data not available	...Data not available	95,000	...Data not available	...Data not available
Couple-family households^{Census data footnote 14}	13,980	...Data not available	...Data not available	61,250	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children	5,320	...Data not available	...Data not available	27,410	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children	8,655	...Data not available	...Data not available	33,840	...Data not available	...Data not available
Lone-parent-family households	6,280	...Data not available	...Data not available	33,750	...Data not available	...Data not available
Two-or-more-family households	7,575	...Data not available	...Data not available	28,420	...Data not available	...Data not available
Non-census-family households	245,535	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,221,090	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-person households	208,340	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,094,410	...Data not available	...Data not available
Two-or-more-person households	37,195	...Data not available	...Data not available	126,680	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling^{Census data footnote 15}	522,950	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,395,345	...Data not available	...Data not available
Single-detached house	100,420	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,560,405	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, building that has five or more storeys	219,145	...Data not available	...Data not available	171,115	...Data not available	...Data not available
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 16}	60	...Data not available	...Data not available	22,995	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other dwelling^{Census data footnote 17}	203,315	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,640,825	...Data not available	...Data not available
Semi-detached house	42,100	...Data not available	...Data not available	171,435	...Data not available	...Data not available
Row house	20,690	...Data not available	...Data not available	86,040	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, duplex	18,460	...Data not available	...Data not available	263,860	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, building that has fewer than five storeys	120,720	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,103,845	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other single-attached house	1,345	...Data not available	...Data not available	15,645	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of private households by household size^{Census data footnote 18}	522,945	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,395,345	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 person	208,340	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,094,410	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 persons	159,465	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,181,240	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 persons	69,345	...Data not available	...Data not available	496,140	...Data not available	...Data not available
4 persons	54,580	...Data not available	...Data not available	421,080	...Data not available	...Data not available
5 persons	20,370	...Data not available	...Data not available	142,555	...Data not available	...Data not available
6 or more persons	10,840	...Data not available	...Data not available	59,920	...Data not available	...Data not available
Number of persons in private households	1,127,650	...Data not available	...Data not available	7,732,835	...Data not available	...Data not available
Average number of persons in private households	2.2	...Data not available	...Data not available	2.3	...Data not available	...Data not available
Detailed mother tongue
Detailed mother tongue - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	1,135,560	549,975	585,580	7,815,950	3,841,260	3,974,690
Single responses	1,104,140	535,075	569,065	7,663,135	3,764,810	3,898,325
English	678,455	336,500	341,960	599,225	297,875	301,355
French	20,225	9,685	10,540	6,102,210	2,994,300	3,107,910
Non-official languages	405,450	188,890	216,560	961,700	472,635	489,060
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	265	120	145	41,290	20,530	20,760
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,815	2,975	2,845
Cree, n.o.s.	85	35	50	15,135	7,570	7,565
Dene	0	0	0	0	5	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	8,715	4,200	4,515
Inuktitut	10	5	5	10,915	5,430	5,485
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	670	340	325
Ojibway	160	80	80	30	15	15
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	402,035	187,240	214,790	908,480	445,970	462,515
African languages, n.i.e.	290	170	120	930	530	400
Afrikaans	195	105	85	100	50	45
Akan (Twi)	495	245	250	1,140	560	585
Albanian	3,645	1,865	1,780	2,405	1,240	1,170
Amharic	3,440	1,545	1,895	690	340	355
Arabic	8,305	4,740	3,570	140,035	74,985	65,050
Armenian	1,045	515	535	15,030	7,335	7,700
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	505	250	250	1,645	875	770
Bengali	12,155	6,265	5,890	10,405	5,305	5,100
Berber languages (Kabyle)	5	5	5	5,645	3,095	2,550
Bisayan languages	1,165	425	740	955	280	670
Bosnian	450	225	230	1,505	745	760
Bulgarian	2,220	1,060	1,165	6,495	3,165	3,330
Burmese	290	150	140	60	25	35
Cantonese	23,915	10,760	13,155	10,975	5,185	5,790
Chinese, n.o.s.	21,645	9,925	11,715	41,590	19,745	21,850
Creoles	580	270	305	49,475	21,965	27,510
Croatian	2,730	1,245	1,485	2,375	1,220	1,160
Czech	1,810	840	970	1,645	790	855
Danish	445	185	255	305	145	160
Dutch	2,020	1,025	995	3,245	1,595	1,645
Estonian	1,310	525	785	200	75	125
Finnish	825	290	540	415	155	255
Flemish	90	40	50	590	250	340
Fukien	730	370	355	75	30	45
German	8,625	3,825	4,795	15,025	6,920	8,105
Greek	14,515	7,145	7,375	39,825	20,135	19,690
Gujarati	5,225	2,540	2,680	5,940	2,915	3,025
Hakka	220	105	120	105	40	60
Hebrew	2,225	1,205	1,020	3,975	2,105	1,870
Hindi	3,895	2,070	1,820	2,745	1,435	1,310
Hungarian	7,025	3,195	3,835	6,675	3,250	3,430
Ilocano	1,655	565	1,090	1,685	615	1,075
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	430	235	200	560	320	240
Italian	22,105	10,405	11,705	113,815	56,530	57,285
Japanese	3,580	1,195	2,390	2,175	680	1,495
Khmer (Cambodian)	245	90	160	8,620	4,035	4,580
Korean	9,250	4,010	5,240	4,085	1,785	2,300
Kurdish	420	255	160	820	465	360
Lao	210	95	110	4,185	2,050	2,140
Latvian	1,080	430	650	335	125	205
Lingala	165	75	95	2,045	980	1,070
Lithuanian	1,265	480	785	650	275	370
Macedonian	2,035	975	1,060	195	105	95
Malay	650	295	350	625	250	375
Malayalam	535	310	225	315	165	150
Maltese	975	490	485	30	15	15
Mandarin	14,660	6,680	7,980	11,290	5,155	6,130
Marathi	395	220	175	160	90	65
Nepali	785	400	380	1,280	620	660
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	560	315	245	4,565	2,470	2,090
Norwegian	180	75	110	275	130	140
Oromo	490	230	265	7,035	3,865	3,170
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,475	1,800	1,675	11,150	5,990	5,160
Pashto	1,525	810	710	990	545	445
Persian (Farsi)	10,530	5,455	5,080	19,835	10,340	9,500
Polish	14,885	6,365	8,525	15,250	6,695	8,555
Portuguese	43,000	20,945	22,055	34,265	16,505	17,760
Romanian	4,460	2,040	2,425	31,245	15,115	16,130
Rundi (Kirundi)	120	65	50	2,370	1,150	1,220
Russian	12,485	5,440	7,040	24,085	10,765	13,320
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	140	55	85	2,005	875	1,130
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	400	185	210	150	80	75
Serbian	6,635	3,165	3,470	2,955	1,485	1,470
Serbo-Croatian	880	400	475	1,910	945	970
Shanghainese	195	75	120	95	40	50
Sign languages, n.i.e.	165	85	80	520	305	215
Sindhi	1,230	545	680	305	145	155
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	600	300	295	585	305	280
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	95	55	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	235	110	130	325	180	145
Slovak	1,265	555	705	1,180	525	660
Slovenian	825	345	485	840	375	460
Somali	3,080	1,380	1,700	855	435	420
Spanish	29,910	14,490	15,420	131,850	64,490	67,365
Swahili	850	430	420	2,065	1,060	1,010
Swedish	460	190	270	515	240	280
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,845	7,795	15,050	13,740	4,655	9,090
Taiwanese	340	145	195	405	190	215
Tamil	6,440	3,255	3,185	13,245	6,645	6,595
Telugu	705	380	320	365	200	160
Thai	575	195	385	725	190	535
Tibetan languages	3,225	1,625	1,600	110	60	50
Tigrigna	1,935	865	1,075	350	160	190
Turkish	3,330	1,830	1,500	6,915	3,605	3,305
Ukrainian	7,810	3,260	4,550	4,785	2,095	2,690
Urdu	12,860	6,700	6,155	9,800	5,115	4,690
Vietnamese	9,190	4,215	4,970	26,560	12,675	13,885
Yiddish	1,610	755	860	9,035	4,515	4,520
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	3,150	1,525	1,625	11,930	6,140	5,790
Multiple responses	31,420	14,900	16,520	152,820	76,455	76,365
English and French	3,825	1,810	2,020	64,800	32,390	32,405
English and non-official language	25,165	11,985	13,180	23,435	11,455	11,975
French and non-official language	1,615	725	890	51,640	25,810	25,825
English, French and non-official language	815	385	435	12,950	6,790	6,155
Knowledge of official languages
Knowledge of official languages - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	1,135,555	549,975	585,580	7,815,955	3,841,260	3,974,690
English only	944,675	466,685	477,985	363,860	180,175	183,690
French only	1,315	575	740	4,047,175	1,871,500	2,175,675
English and French	142,175	63,265	78,910	3,328,725	1,758,410	1,570,310
Neither English nor French	47,400	19,450	27,950	76,190	31,175	45,015
First official language spoken
First official language spoken - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	1,135,560	549,975	585,585	7,815,955	3,841,265	3,974,695
English	1,057,685	516,145	541,545	935,635	465,965	469,675
French	21,720	10,305	11,415	6,561,510	3,216,790	3,344,720
English and French	9,575	4,480	5,090	245,230	128,655	116,575
Neither English nor French	46,575	19,045	27,530	73,580	29,860	43,720
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 23}	26,505	12,545	13,960	1,058,250	530,290	527,960
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 23}	2.3	2.3	2.4	13.5	13.8	13.3
Detailed language spoken most often at home
Detailed language spoken most often at home - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	1,135,555	549,970	585,580	7,815,955	3,841,260	3,974,695
Single responses	1,077,540	522,590	554,945	7,570,900	3,720,195	3,850,710
English	837,475	410,205	427,270	767,415	379,915	387,500
French	9,320	4,365	4,960	6,249,080	3,071,635	3,177,450
Non-official languages	230,740	108,020	122,720	554,400	268,640	285,760
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	60	30	30	37,955	19,060	18,895
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,365	2,805	2,560
Cree, n.o.s.	20	15	10	14,155	7,085	7,075
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	7,730	3,760	3,965
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10,360	5,230	5,130
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	330	175	155
Ojibway	35	20	20	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	229,430	107,355	122,075	511,880	247,275	264,610
African languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	220	105	115
Afrikaans	45	20	25	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	200	90	110	565	260	310
Albanian	2,085	1,075	1,010	1,510	765	745
Amharic	2,140	920	1,220	360	165	195
Arabic	4,615	2,425	2,190	72,955	37,360	35,590
Armenian	405	190	215	10,980	5,195	5,785
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	180	90	90	290	140	155
Bengali	9,270	4,725	4,545	8,285	4,110	4,170
Berber languages (Kabyle)	5	0	0	1,915	1,005	915
Bisayan languages	390	150	240	235	95	140
Bosnian	215	105	110	1,030	525	505
Bulgarian	1,260	620	640	4,940	2,430	2,505
Burmese	190	95	95	30	10	15
Cantonese	16,085	7,280	8,805	8,340	3,980	4,360
Chinese, n.o.s.	14,315	6,725	7,590	33,890	16,270	17,620
Creoles	250	110	145	19,430	8,295	11,135
Croatian	950	455	495	1,060	510	545
Czech	660	305	355	510	240	275
Danish	45	25	20	35	20	15
Dutch	225	115	110	525	245	280
Estonian	380	135	245	30	15	15
Finnish	170	55	110	65	25	40
Flemish	10	10	5	95	45	55
Fukien	255	130	120	15	10	5
German	1,175	530	645	3,025	1,435	1,590
Greek	7,450	3,535	3,910	20,060	9,685	10,380
Gujarati	3,125	1,455	1,670	3,955	1,905	2,050
Hakka	65	25	45	20	5	15
Hebrew	770	395	370	1,735	885	845
Hindi	1,900	1,025	875	1,450	720	725
Hungarian	3,570	1,665	1,905	2,390	1,070	1,315
Ilocano	560	225	340	585	225	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	195	100	95	275	145	130
Italian	9,730	4,080	5,655	39,540	17,925	21,615
Japanese	1,565	660	900	915	390	525
Khmer (Cambodian)	120	35	75	5,350	2,475	2,875
Korean	6,060	2,730	3,330	2,955	1,360	1,590
Kurdish	230	125	95	380	200	180
Lao	60	35	30	2,395	1,160	1,235
Latvian	380	155	220	90	35	55
Lingala	45	20	20	545	250	290
Lithuanian	475	175	300	150	60	90
Macedonian	925	420	500	125	65	60
Malay	200	105	100	225	115	120
Malayalam	235	125	110	75	40	35
Maltese	330	155	175	0	0	0
Mandarin	11,380	5,440	5,945	9,325	4,485	4,835
Marathi	185	95	90	65	40	25
Nepali	575	295	285	1,170	575	600
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	205	110	95	975	465	505
Norwegian	40	15	30	40	20	25
Oromo	310	140	170	2,115	1,110	1,010
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,615	860	755	8,345	4,415	3,925
Pashto	1,155	595	565	805	430	380
Persian (Farsi)	6,695	3,325	3,375	14,380	7,125	7,255
Polish	6,655	2,865	3,785	6,955	3,160	3,800
Portuguese	26,755	13,025	13,725	16,015	7,615	8,405
Romanian	2,135	985	1,150	22,790	11,190	11,605
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	20	665	305	355
Russian	7,815	3,535	4,275	18,465	8,740	9,725
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	50	25	25	450	210	235
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	250	120	135	75	40	35
Serbian	4,165	1,990	2,175	2,015	985	1,025
Serbo-Croatian	410	190	220	1,180	580	600
Shanghainese	105	40	60	30	15	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	290	160	125	975	625	355
Sindhi	710	295	415	175	85	90
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	265	130	135	330	165	170
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	55	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	75	30	35	145	65	75
Slovak	410	190	220	255	115	140
Slovenian	225	105	120	295	130	170
Somali	2,185	980	1,200	520	245	275
Spanish	17,545	8,275	9,265	88,380	43,095	45,290
Swahili	385	185	200	750	365	385
Swedish	75	30	45	115	55	55
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	11,665	4,405	7,255	7,280	2,815	4,465
Taiwanese	105	40	65	220	115	100
Tamil	4,950	2,430	2,525	11,270	5,585	5,685
Telugu	425	225	200	220	120	105
Thai	245	110	130	210	95	115
Tibetan languages	2,700	1,365	1,335	80	40	40
Tigrigna	1,145	490	660	170	80	90
Turkish	2,105	1,070	1,035	4,945	2,470	2,475
Ukrainian	3,635	1,560	2,080	1,925	835	1,090
Urdu	9,240	4,710	4,530	7,125	3,595	3,530
Vietnamese	6,610	3,020	3,590	20,740	9,845	10,895
Yiddish	230	115	120	6,275	3,225	3,050
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	1,250	635	615	4,565	2,310	2,265
Multiple responses	58,020	27,385	30,640	245,055	121,070	123,985
English and French	2,680	1,270	1,405	71,555	35,860	35,695
English and non-official language	53,705	25,360	28,350	43,765	21,305	22,460
French and non-official language	585	260	325	100,110	48,590	51,525
English, French and non-official language	1,045	495	555	29,625	15,315	14,310
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	1,135,560	549,975	585,585	7,815,950	3,841,260	3,974,690
None	900,240	438,600	461,635	6,691,145	3,279,620	3,411,525
Single responses	229,590	108,690	120,905	1,046,580	522,335	524,245
English	85,040	40,780	44,260	459,125	234,190	224,935
French	15,685	7,200	8,490	298,090	147,040	151,050
Non-official languages	128,870	60,715	68,160	289,365	141,100	148,260
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	205	85	120	3,380	1,585	1,795
Atikamekw	0	0	0	470	205	270
Cree, n.o.s.	50	20	35	1,250	630	620
Dene	10	5	5	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	920	435	490
Inuktitut	5	5	0	485	205	275
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	250	110	135
Ojibway	130	55	75	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	127,150	59,905	67,240	279,095	136,070	143,025
African languages, n.i.e.	130	75	50	625	335	295
Afrikaans	145	80	60	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	265	130	130	475	240	240
Albanian	955	475	475	400	200	200
Amharic	1,050	475	570	195	95	100
Arabic	2,900	1,705	1,190	49,400	26,430	22,965
Armenian	430	205	230	2,500	1,235	1,265
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	210	90	120	945	495	450
Bengali	2,000	1,055	945	1,140	635	505
Berber languages (Kabyle)	5	5	0	1,980	1,050	930
Bisayan languages	270	95	180	250	80	165
Bosnian	170	80	90	310	145	165
Bulgarian	585	265	320	835	380	450
Burmese	70	35	40	10	5	5
Cantonese	6,520	3,020	3,500	1,890	935	955
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,185	1,910	2,275	5,395	2,480	2,920
Creoles	545	225	320	34,645	15,580	19,065
Croatian	1,010	455	550	600	280	325
Czech	620	275	345	445	205	240
Danish	210	95	120	130	50	75
Dutch	735	365	370	930	415	515
Estonian	545	220	330	60	25	35
Finnish	300	105	195	140	60	85
Flemish	15	5	10	110	45	65
Fukien	310	150	160	25	10	15
German	3,695	1,715	1,975	5,900	2,720	3,175
Greek	6,415	3,220	3,195	14,520	7,350	7,165
Gujarati	1,675	820	850	1,185	600	585
Hakka	60	25	40	50	20	30
Hebrew	1,810	935	875	2,975	1,475	1,505
Hindi	3,185	1,690	1,495	1,870	985	890
Hungarian	1,650	705	950	1,580	715	865
Ilocano	495	180	320	505	180	325
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	165	90	80	210	110	95
Italian	8,360	4,125	4,235	39,030	19,225	19,810
Japanese	1,685	675	1,015	1,070	465	610
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	35	2,300	1,070	1,230
Korean	2,040	865	1,180	650	275	375
Kurdish	105	65	40	230	125	110
Lao	80	40	45	1,095	530	565
Latvian	400	165	240	90	35	55
Lingala	225	90	135	2,585	1,255	1,325
Lithuanian	425	150	275	180	65	120
Macedonian	700	340	365	45	20	25
Malay	200	80	115	235	105	130
Malayalam	225	125	100	135	70	70
Maltese	405	190	215	5	5	0
Mandarin	3,300	1,425	1,870	1,880	810	1,075
Marathi	120	65	50	55	30	30
Nepali	230	125	110	40	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	2,705	1,350	1,355
Norwegian	100	45	50	110	60	55
Oromo	115	55	65	2,435	1,275	1,160
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,765	910	860	1,755	960	795
Pashto	265	165	100	80	50	30
Persian (Farsi)	2,505	1,310	1,190	2,920	1,600	1,325
Polish	4,580	1,955	2,630	3,465	1,400	2,065
Portuguese	13,280	6,580	6,695	9,950	4,785	5,165
Romanian	1,300	565	735	4,475	2,070	2,410
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	1,140	565	575
Russian	3,715	1,670	2,045	4,610	2,105	2,500
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	60	15	45	920	390	530
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	55	35	25
Serbian	1,705	805	900	540	275	265
Serbo-Croatian	205	85	115	350	185	165
Shanghainese	50	20	30	50	25	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	35	50	445	205	240
Sindhi	425	200	230	110	50	60
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	305	165	140	175	95	80
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	25	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	85	35	45	95	55	45
Slovak	360	155	205	310	140	175
Slovenian	250	105	145	225	95	130
Somali	1,040	485	560	250	135	120
Spanish	11,890	5,995	5,895	40,335	19,665	20,670
Swahili	515	250	260	1,245	615	630
Swedish	270	110	160	320	150	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,415	2,325	5,090	4,875	1,540	3,335
Taiwanese	120	55	60	135	65	70
Tamil	1,335	675	655	1,510	790	720
Telugu	195	110	85	80	50	30
Thai	215	75	140	320	100	215
Tibetan languages	295	165	140	30	15	10
Tigrigna	625	300	325	90	45	45
Turkish	885	510	375	1,270	690	575
Ukrainian	2,440	1,015	1,425	1,245	535	715
Urdu	3,485	1,865	1,620	2,205	1,200	1,010
Vietnamese	2,255	1,050	1,210	4,620	2,245	2,375
Yiddish	580	265	315	1,690	765	920
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	1,520	720	800	6,890	3,445	3,445
Multiple responses	5,725	2,685	3,040	78,230	39,305	38,925
English and French	685	325	360	30,610	15,760	14,845
English and non-official language	2,045	1,000	1,045	24,795	12,330	12,465
French and non-official language	2,930	1,330	1,605	21,860	10,720	11,145
English, French and non-official language	65	30	30	965	500	465

Symbols

^A adjusted figure due to boundary change

Users wishing to compare 2011 Census data with those of other censuses should then take into account that the boundaries of geographic areas may change from one census to another. In order to facilitate comparison, the 2006 Census counts are adjusted as needed to take into account boundary changes between the 2006 and 2011 censuses. The 2006 counts that were adjusted are identified by the letter 'A.' The letter 'A' may also refer to corrections to the 2006 counts; however, most of these are the result of boundary changes. This symbol is also used to identify areas that have been created since 2006, such as newly incorporated municipalities (census subdivisions) and new designated places (DPLs).

^E use with caution

After the release of the 2006 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, errors are occasionally uncovered in the data. It is not possible to make changes to the 2006 or 2011 Census data presented in these tables.

Refer to the 2006 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

X area and data suppression

In addition to random rounding, area and data suppression has been adopted to further protect the confidentiality of individual respondents' personal information.

Area and data suppression results in the deletion of all information for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. For example, areas with a population of less than 40 persons are suppressed. If the community searched has a population of less than 40 persons, only the total population counts will be available.

Geographic area suppression lists show areas where data are suppressed.

^† excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

¶ incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

Refer to a complete list of these geographic areas.

.. not available for a specific reference period

Data quality index: Data quality index showing a global non response rate higher than or equal to 25% (suppressed). Geographic area suppression lists show areas where data are suppressed.

Incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement: There were 13 Indian reserves and Indian settlements where enumeration was not possible as a result of forest fires in Northern Ontario at the time of census collection. Collection for these communities was done at a later time. While the data are not included in the 2011 Census tabulations, it is expected that separate special tables showing data for these communities will be made available at a later date, subject to data quality evaluation. Refer to a complete list of these geographic areas.

... not applicable

A possible reason for the use of the three dots (...) symbol is:

A value that cannot be calculated such as a percentage change where the denominator is zero.

Footnotes

Footnote 1

2011 and 2006 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

Counts of the total population are rounded to a base of 5 for any dissemination block having a population of less than 15. Population counts for all standard geographic areas above the dissemination block level are derived by summing the adjusted dissemination block counts. The adjustment of dissemination block counts is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

A separate set of living quarters designed for or converted for human habitation in which a person or group of persons reside or could reside. In addition, a private dwelling must have a source of heat or power and must be an enclosed space that provides shelter from the elements, as evidenced by complete and enclosed walls and roof, and by doors and windows that provide protection from wind, rain and snow.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

A separate set of living quarters which has a private entrance either directly from outside or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway leading to the outside, and in which a person or a group of persons live permanently.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Age

Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Refer to the Census Dictionary for more information.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Median age

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Total population 15 years and over by marital status

Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Total number of census families in private households

Census family - Refers to a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a lone parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total number of census families in private households

Census family structure - Refers to the classification of census families into married couples (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), common-law couples (with or without children of either and/or both partners), and lone-parent families by sex of parent. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. A couple with children may be further classified as either an intact family or stepfamily, and stepfamilies may, in turn, be classified as simple or complex. Children in a census family include grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Living with relatives

Non-relatives may be present.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total number of private households by household type

Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is, a married couple with or without children, or a couple living common-law with or without children, or a lone parent living with one or more children (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to a household in which two or more census families (with or without additional persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Family households may also be divided based on the presence of persons not in a census family.

Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

One-family-only households

Refers to households that consist solely of one census family without additional persons.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Couple-family households

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Other family households

Refers to one-census family households with additional persons and to multiple-census family households, with or without additional persons.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Couple-family households

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling

Structural type of dwelling - Characteristics that define a dwelling's structure, for example, the characteristics of a single-detached house, a semi-detached house, a row house, or an apartment or flat in a duplex. Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Movable dwelling

Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other dwelling

The category 'Other dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total number of private households by household size

Household, private - Person or group of persons occupying the same dwelling. Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada.

Household size - Number of persons occupying a private dwelling. Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total population excluding institutional residents

The population excluding institutional residents includes Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants (permanent residents) excluding those who live in institutions (institutional collective dwellings). Canadian citizens and landed immigrants either: (1) have a usual place of residence in Canada; (2) are abroad either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission; or (3) are at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry or Canadian government vessels. Since 1991, the target population also includes persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status, who hold study permits, or who hold work permits, as well as family members living with them; for census purposes, this group is referred to as non-permanent residents. The population universe does not include foreign residents.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Selected Aboriginal languages

The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Selected non-Aboriginal languages

The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Other languages

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix D in the 2011 Census Dictionary.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Official language minority

English is the first official language spoken by Quebec's official language minority, which consists of all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. French is the first official language spoken by the official language minority in the country overall and in every province and territory outside Quebec, which consists of all individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2012. Toronto Central, Ontario (Code 3507) and Quebec (Code 24) (table). Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Ottawa. Released October 24, 2012.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 29, 2024).

Download

Information regarding available file formats

Option 1 – Download data table

Contains currently selected geographies (i.e., Toronto Central, Ontario and Quebec) and topics in the 'Data table' tab.

CSV (comma-separated values) file

TAB (tab-separated values) file

Option 2 – Comprehensive download files - CSV or TAB file format

Download a compressed CSV (comma-separated values) or a compressed TAB (tab-separated values) file for all geographies from a selected geographic level for all topics.

Select a geography and a file type (CSV or TAB)

A table showing form radio buttons and files size for compressed CSV and TAB file formats for each geographic level available for download, 2011 Census Profile.
Geographic level	File format^{CSV/TAB (2011) - Footnote 1} (compressed)
Geographic level	CSV (comma-separated values)	TAB (tab-separated values)
Canada, provinces and territories	CSV (86 KB)	TAB (86 KB)
Census divisions	CSV (1,444 KB)	TAB (1,412 KB)
Census subdivisions	CSV (19,715 KB)	TAB (19,378 KB)
Census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations	CSV (691 KB)	TAB (723 KB)
Census tracts	CSV (21,499 KB)	TAB (21,281 KB)
Federal electoral districts (2003 representation order)	CSV (1,580 KB)	TAB (1,550 KB)
Federal electoral districts (2013 representation order)	CSV (1,628 KB)	TAB (1,600 KB)
Economic regions	CSV (404 KB)	TAB (397 KB)
Designated places	CSV (5,190 KB)	TAB (5,105 KB)
Population centres	CSV (3,599 KB)	TAB (3,565 KB)
Dissemination areas	CSV (193,822 KB)	TAB (191,191 KB)
Dissolved census subdivisions	CSV (732 KB)	TAB (720 KB)
Forward sortation areas^©	CSV (6,328 KB)	TAB (6,257 KB)
Health regions (December 2013)	CSV (666 KB)	TAB (654 KB)
Empty cell
© This data includes information copied with permission from Canada Post Corporation. Footnotes Footnote 1 Some of the data sets are large and require special consideration during processing in order to successfully make use of them. For example, some data files may exceed the row limitations for various spreadsheet software. Return to footnote 1 referrer - CSV/TAB (2011) Source Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census Profile

Option 3 – Comprehensive download files - IVT or XML file format

Download an IVT (Beyond 20/20) or a compressed XML (SDMX-ML) file for all geographies from a selected geographic level or groups of geographic levels for all topics.

Select a group of geographic levels and a file type (IVT or XML)

A table showing form radio buttons and files size for CSV and TAB file formats for each group of geographic levels available for download.
Geographic levels	File format^{IVT/XML - Footnote 1}
Geographic levels	IVT (Beyond 20/20)	XML (SDMX-ML) (compressed)
Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions	IVT (20,752 KB)	XML (35,311 KB)
Census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations	IVT (1,183 KB)	XML (1,221 KB)
Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts	IVT (30,060 KB)	XML (38,000 KB)
Census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census subdivisions	IVT (5,485 KB)	XML (7,333 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2003 representation order)	IVT (2,795 KB)	XML (2,644 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2013 representation order)	IVT (3,008 KB)	XML (2,802 KB)
Designated places	IVT (4,492 KB)	XML (8,996 KB)
Population centres	IVT (4,511 KB)	XML (6,566 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and economic regions	IVT (887 KB)	XML (776 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions, census subdivisions and dissemination areas	IVT (233,928 KB)	XML (384,573 KB)
Dissolved census subdivisions	IVT (536 KB)	XML (1,140 KB)
Forward sortation areas^©	IVT (9,962 KB)	XML (11,873 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and health regions (December 2013)	IVT (1,330 KB)	..
Empty cell
Symbols © This data includes information copied with permission from Canada Post Corporation. .. not available for a specific reference period Footnotes Footnote 1 Some of the data sets are large and require special consideration during processing in order to successfully make use of them. Return to footnote 1 referrer - IVT/XML

Map

Map: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

Alternative format(s): pdf

Map: 3507, Health region (shaded in green)

Map: Quebec

Alternative format(s): ARCHIVED – Reference map (interactive tool)

Map of Canada: Quebec (shaded in green)

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

Canada
- Ontario (Province)
  - Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)
    - Toronto (City)

Geographic hierarchy: Quebec (Province)

Canada
- Quebec (Province)

Note

Note: For more information regarding geographic hierarchies, refer to the Illustrated Glossary: Hierarchy of standard geographic units tutorial.

Related data

Related data: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

2011 Census

Additional Census data are not available for this area. Please refer to the 2011 Census Data Products for additional geographies.

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Additional NHS data are not available for this area. Please refer to the 2011 NHS Data Products for additional geographies.

Related data: Quebec

2011 Census

Topic-based tabulations, Quebec
Highlight tables, Canada, provinces and territories
Focus on Geography, Quebec
Census Data Navigator, Quebec
Visual Census, Quebec

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Census Profile: Help

Help

Date modified:: 2016-05-31

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Archived Content

Census Profile

Data table

Symbols

^A adjusted figure due to boundary change

^E use with caution

X area and data suppression

^† excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements

¶ incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

.. not available for a specific reference period

... not applicable

Footnotes

Download

Option 1 – Download data table

Option 2 – Comprehensive download files - CSV or TAB file format

Footnotes

Source

Option 3 – Comprehensive download files - IVT or XML file format

Symbols

Footnotes

Map

Map: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

Map: Quebec

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

Geographic hierarchy: Quebec (Province)

Note

Related data

Related data: Toronto Central (Health region, December 2013)

2011 Census

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Related data: Quebec

2011 Census

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Help